The figure formed by two lines with a common endpoint called a vertex. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta1_angle.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>
angle bisector
The line that divides an angle into two equal parts. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta2_anglebisector.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>
(See page 95, Chapter 3.)
area
The number of square units contained in a two-dimensional region.
base (2-D geometry)
A side of a two-dimensional closed figure. Common symbol is b. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta3_base.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>
(See page 101, Chapter 3.)
Cartesian plane
The plane formed when a horizontal number line and a vertical number line cross. Also called a coordinate grid. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta4_cartesianplane.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>
(See page 4, Chapter 1.)
central angle
An angle formed by two radii of a circle. The vertex of the angle is at the centre of the circle. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta5_centralangle.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (4.0K)</a>
(See page 292, Chapter 8.)
circle
A set of points that are all the same distance from a fixed point called the centre.
(See page 266, Chapter 8.)
circle graph
A graph that represents data using sections of a circle.
(See page 287, Chapter 8.)
circumference
The distance around a circle. This is a linear measurement. Represented by the variable, C. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta6_circumference.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (8.0K)</a>
(See page 274, Chapter 8.)
common denominator
A common multiple of the denominators of a set of fractions.
A number that two or more numbers are divisible by.
4 is a common factor of 8 and 12.
(See page 203, Chapter 6.)
constant
A number that does not change. Increases or decreases the value of the expression no matter what the value of the variable.
In 2x + 4, the number 4 is the constant.
(See page 360, Chapter 10.)
coordinates
The values in an ordered pair (x, y).
(See page 5, Chapter 1.)
denominator
The number of equal parts in the whole or the group.
The distance across a circle through its centre. Represented by the variable, d. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta7_diameter.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>
(See page 269, Chapter 8.)
divisible
When a number can be divided by another number evenly, with no remainder.
(See page 199, Chapter 6.)
equally likely
Each outcome has the same chance of occurring.
equation
A mathematical statement with two expressions that have the same value.
3a – 21 = 4 and 2a = 6 – b are equations.
(See page 391, Chapter 11.)
equivalent fractions
Fractions that represent the same part of a whole or group.
To approximate an answer.
(See page 45, Chapter 2.)
experimental probability
The probability of an event occurring based on experimental results.
(See page 184, Chapter 5.)
exponent
The number of factors you multiply.
In the term 52, the number 2 is called an exponent.
expression
Any single number or variable, or a combination of operations involving numbers and variables.
2y - 7, 11x, and 14 are expressions.
(See page 358, Chapter 10.)
factors
Numbers that are multiplied to produce a product.
favourable outcome
A successful result in a probability experiment.
(See page 160, Chapter 5.)
fraction
A number that represents a part of a whole or a part of a group.
frequency table
A table used to show the number of occurrences in an experiment or survey.
graph
A visual way to show the relationship between two sets of numbers.
(See page 374, Chapter 10.)
height
The perpendicular distance from the base to the opposite side. Common symbol is h. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta8_height.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>
(See page 101, Chapter 3.)
improper fraction
A fraction that has a numerator greater than the denominator, such as
A result in which the outcome of one event has no effect on the outcome of another event.
(See page 166, Chapter 5.)
integer
Any of the numbers …, -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, ….
line
A set of points that contains no endpoints.
line segment
The part of a line between two endpoints.
linear relation
A pattern made by two sets of numbers that results in points along a straight line when graphed on a coordinate grid. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta9_linearrelation.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>
(See page 372, Chapter 10.)
lowest terms
When the numerator and denominator of a fraction have no common factors other than 1.
(See page 204, Chapter 6.)
mean
The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set.
A value that represents the centre of a set of data. It can be the mean, median, or mode.
(See page 423, Chapter 12.)
median
The middle number in a set of data after the data have been arranged in order.
For the data 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9, the median is 6.
For the data 1, 3, 7, 7, 9, and 10, the median is 7.
(See page 423, Chapter 12.)
mixed number
A number made up of a whole number and a fraction, such as
The most frequently occurring number in a set of data. There can be more than one mode.
For the data 3, 5, 7, 7, and 9, the mode is 7.
For the data 2, 2, 4, 6, 6, 8, and 11, the modes are 2 and 6.
(See page 423, Chapter 12.)
multiple
The product of a given number and a natural number like 1, 2, 3, and so on.
Some multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15.
(See page 232, Chapter 7.)
natural number
Any of the numbers 1, 2, 3, …
numerical coefficient
A number that multiplies the variable.
In 2x + 4, the number 2 is the numerical coefficient.
(See page 360, Chapter 10.)
numerator
The number of equal parts being considered in the whole or the group.
Two integers with the same numeral, but different signs. Two integers represented by points that are the same distance in opposite directions from zero on a number line.
+2 and -2 are opposite integers. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta10_oppositeintegers.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a><a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta11_oppositeintegers.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>
(See page 311, Chapter 9.)
opposite operations
Operations that "undo" other operations. Some people call them "inverse operations."
Addition and subtraction are opposite operations.
Multiplication and division are opposite operations.
(See page 397, Chapter 11.)
order of operations
Correct sequence of steps for a calculation. Brackets first, then multiply and divide in order from left to right, and then add and subtract in order from left to right.
(See page 68, Chapter 2.)
ordered pair
A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate grid. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta12_orderedpair.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>
origin
The point where the x-axis and the y-axis cross.
(See page 5, Chapter 1.)
outcome
One possible result of a probability experiment.
(See page 160, Chapter 5.)
outlier
A value that is much smaller or larger than the other data values.
(See page 435, Chapter 12.)
overestimate
An estimate that is larger than the actual answer.
(See page 45, Chapter 2.)
parallel
Describes lines in the same plane that never cross or intersect. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta13_parallel.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>
(See page 83, Chapter 3.)
parallelogram
A four-sided figure with opposite sides parallel and equal in length. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta14_parallelogram.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (4.0K)</a>
(See page 100, Chapter 3.)
pattern
An arrangement of shapes, colours, numbers, letters, words, and so on, for which you can predict what comes next.
(See page 350, Chapter 10.)
The distance around the outside of a two-dimensional shape or figure.
perpendicular
Describes lines that intersect at right angles (900). <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta16_perpendicular.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>
(See page 83, Chapter 3.)
perpendicular bisector
A line that divides a line segment in half and is at right angles to it. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta17_perpendicularbisector.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>
(See page 90, Chapter 3.)
pi
The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The symbol for pi is π.
(See page 274, Chapter 8.)
probability
The likelihood or chance of an event occurring. Probability can be expressed as a ratio, fraction, or percent.
(See page 158, Chapter 5.)
proper fraction
A fraction that has a numerator less than its denominator, such as
The four regions on the coordinate grid.
(See page 5, Chapter 1.)
radius
The distance from the centre of a circle to the outside edge. Represented by the variable, r. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta18_radius.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>
(See page 268, Chapter 8.)
random
An event in which every outcome has an equal chance of occurring.
(See page 171, Chapter 5.)
range
The difference between the largest and smallest values in a data set.
(See page 435, Chapter 12.)
reflection
A flip over a mirror line. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta19_reflection.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (10.0K)</a>
(See page 19, Chapter 1.)
relationship
A pattern formed by 2 sets of numbers.
(See page 375, Chapter 10.)
repeating decimal
A decimal number with a digit or group of digits that repeats forever. Repeating digits are shown with a bar.
A turn about a fixed point called the centre of rotation. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta20_rotation.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (12.0K)</a>
(See page 19, Chapter 1.)
sample space
All possible outcomes of an experiment.
(See page 166, Chapter 5.)
sector
The section of a circle formed by two radii and an arc of the circle connecting the radii. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta21_sector.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (6.0K)</a>
(See page 287, Chapter 8.)
semi-circle
Half of a circle.
table of values
A table showing two sets of related numbers.
(See page 367, Chapter 10.)
tally chart
A table used to record experimental results or data. Tally marks are used to count the data.
terminating decimal
A decimal number in which the digits stop.
0.4, 0.86, and 0.25 are terminating decimals.
(See page 136, Chapter 4.)
theoretical probability
The expected probability of an event occurring.
(See page 184, Chapter 5.)
transformation
Moves one geometric figure onto another. Examples are translations, reflections, and rotations.
(See page 18, Chapter 1.)
translation
A slide along a straight line. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta22_translation.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (8.0K)</a>
(See page 18, Chapter 1.)
tree diagram
A diagram with a branch for each possible outcome of an event.
(See page 167, Chapter 5.)
underestimate
An estimate that is smaller than the actual answer.
(See page 45, Chapter 2.)
A known or calculated amount.
(See page 360, Chapter 10.)
variable
A letter that represents an unknown number.
In 2x + 4, the letter x is the variable.
(See page 358, Chapter 10.)
vertex
A point where two sides of a figure meet. Plural is vertices. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta23_vertex.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>
(See page 13, Chapter 1.)
whole number
Any of the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, …
x-axis
The horizontal number line on the coordinate grid.
(See page 5, Chapter 1.)
x-coordinate
The first number in the ordered pair describing a point on a coordinate grid.
The x-coordinate of point P(2, 5) is 2.
y-axis
The vertical number line on the coordinate grid.
(See page 5, Chapter 1.)
y-coordinate
The second number in the ordered pair describing a point on a coordinate grid.
The y-coordinate of point P(2, 5) is 5.
zero pair
A pair of integer chips, with one chip representing +1 and one chip representing -1. The pair represents zero because (+1) + (-1) = 0. <a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0070988595/449925/mhr_ml7_ta24_zeropair.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>
(See page 310, Chapter 9.)
