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1 | |
Vitamins are classified: |
| | A) | organic and inorganic. |
| | B) | fat-soluble and water soluble. |
| | C) | essential and nonessential. |
| | D) | elements and compounds. |
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2 | |
Which of the following is not generally a true statement about fat-soluble vitamins? |
| | A) | Excess amounts are readily excreted from the body. |
| | B) | They can be consumed less frequently than the water-soluble vitamins. |
| | C) | They are bound to proteins when traveling in the blood. |
| | D) | They may accumulate to toxic amounts in the body. |
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3 | |
Which of the following water-soluble vitamins does not pose a particularly high risk of toxicity? |
| | A) | vitamin B-6 |
| | B) | thiamin |
| | C) | niacin |
| | D) | vitamin C |
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4 | |
Deficiency symptoms such as respiratory infections, gastrointestinal disturbances, and blindness are related to the role of vitamin A in: |
| | A) | promoting growth. |
| | B) | maintaining healthy tissue. |
| | C) | acting as an antioxidant. |
| | D) | blood clotting. |
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5 | |
Identify the best sources of carotenoids. |
| | A) | whole grains, nuts, seeds, egg yolk, and plant oils |
| | B) | lean meat, poultry, fish, and legumes |
| | C) | corn, peas, and beans |
| | D) | pumpkin, carrots, squash, sweet potatoes, and apricots |
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6 | |
Which of the following symptoms would indicate a vitamin D deficiency in infants and young children? |
| | A) | abnormally high blood calcium |
| | B) | rupture of red blood cells |
| | C) | bowed legs |
| | D) | abnormally low blood calcium |
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7 | |
Which of the following is not a good source of vitamin D? |
| | A) | sunshine |
| | B) | fatty fish |
| | C) | fortified milk and margarine |
| | D) | fruit, vegetables, and whole grains |
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8 | |
Identify one function of vitamin D. |
| | A) | necessary for iron metabolism |
| | B) | prevents scurvy |
| | C) | acts as an antioxidant |
| | D) | aids in the absorption of calcium |
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9 | |
Which of the following substitutes for some of our need for vitamin E? |
| | A) | sodium |
| | B) | sulfur |
| | C) | silver |
| | D) | selenium |
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10 | |
The need for vitamin E in the diet will increase with an increase in the amount of what other nutrient in the diet? |
| | A) | protein |
| | B) | saturated fatty acids |
| | C) | carbohydrate |
| | D) | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
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11 | |
Vitamin E functions in the body: |
| | A) | to maintain vision and skin integrity, as well as growth of nails and bones. |
| | B) | as an antioxidant to prevent cell damage. |
| | C) | to calcify bones and teeth. |
| | D) | to supply energy and spare protein. |
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12 | |
Vitamin K is needed in the body for: |
| | A) | enzyme action. |
| | B) | blood clotting. |
| | C) | energy production. |
| | D) | carbohydrate metabolism |
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13 | |
Vitamin K is found in: |
| | A) | seafood, iodized salt, and dairy products. |
| | B) | citrus fruits, cantaloupe, seeds, and nuts. |
| | C) | fortified cereals, milk, and cheese. |
| | D) | green leafy vegetables. |
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14 | |
All B vitamins function as: |
| | A) | coenzymes. |
| | B) | electrolytes. |
| | C) | intrinsic factors |
| | D) | sources of energy. |
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15 | |
Which of the following statements is true for niacin? |
| | A) | It can be synthesized in the body from protein. |
| | B) | It is an antioxidant. |
| | C) | It is water-soluble and therefore safe to administer in large doses. |
| | D) | It can be used to successfully cure anemia. |
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16 | |
Biotin is used for: |
| | A) | glucose absorption. |
| | B) | glucose production |
| | C) | iron absorption. |
| | D) | emulsification. |
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17 | |
Vitamin B-6 participates in: |
| | A) | iron absorption. |
| | B) | amino acid and protein metabolism. |
| | C) | release of energy from minerals. |
| | D) | utilization of calcium and phosphorus. |
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18 | |
A deficiency of ______________ results in large, immature red blood cells, because of insufficient DNA production: |
| | A) | folate |
| | B) | niacin |
| | C) | riboflavin |
| | D) | vitamin C |
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19 | |
A high intake of folate is dangerous because it: |
| | A) | means the person is eating too much protein. |
| | B) | is easily stored in the body. |
| | C) | can "mask" pernicious anemia. |
| | D) | increases vitamin B-12 needs. |
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20 | |
______________ may be lacking in the diet of strict vegetarians (vegans). |
| | A) | Vitamin B-12 |
| | B) | Thiamin |
| | C) | Riboflavin |
| | D) | Niacin |
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21 | |
Irreversible nerve damage can occur with ______________ deficiency. |
| | A) | riboflavin |
| | B) | vitamin C |
| | C) | vitamin B-12 |
| | D) | thiamin |
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22 | |
Choline is: |
| | A) | an enzyme. |
| | B) | part of bile. |
| | C) | part of lecithin. |
| | D) | a vitamin. |
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23 | |
The amount of vitamin C needed to prevent scurvy is about: |
| | A) | 10 milligrams per day. |
| | B) | 35 milligrams per day. |
| | C) | 90 milligrams per day. |
| | D) | 102 milligrams per day. |
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24 | |
The first symptom of scurvy is: |
| | A) | dental caries. |
| | B) | depression and anxiety. |
| | C) | pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin. |
| | D) | pernicious anemia. |
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25 | |
Vitamin C is essential in the synthesis of: |
| | A) | ascorbic acid. |
| | B) | collagen. |
| | C) | carbohydrate. |
| | D) | hemoglobin. |
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26 | |
Which of these meals lacks vitamin C? |
| | A) | corned beef, cabbage, fried potatoes, and milk |
| | B) | roast beef, carrots, noodles, and tea |
| | C) | spaghetti with tomato sauce, meatball, garlic bread, and diet soda |
| | D) | roast beef, broccoli, noodles, and coffee |
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27 | |
Which of the following factors are linked to an increased risk of cancer? |
| | A) | Physical activity |
| | B) | Obesity |
| | C) | Excess alcohol intake |
| | D) | B and C |
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