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Theories of Personality, 5/e
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Dispositional Theories
Cattel and Eysenck: Trait and Factor Theories
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Multiple Choice Quiz



1

Cattell and Eysenck identify traits through the use of
A)twin studies.
B)factor analysis.
C)intuition.
D)ability tests.
2

A trait is best described as
A)a cluster of surface factors.
B)a temporary attitude toward a person or event.
C)a relatively permanent disposition of a person.
D)an environmentally determined hypothetical construct that shapes an individual's behavior and thought.
3

Cattell's method of gathering data in the absence of any pre-existing hypothesis is called the
A)intuitive method.
B)orthogonal technique.
C)hypothetico-deductive method.
D)inductive method.
4

Mathematically, the technique of reducing a number of variables to a smaller number is called
A)induction.
B)the dynamic lattice.
C)Multiple Abstract Variance Analysis.
D)factor analysis.
5

Which of the following would be a bipolar trait?
A)height
B)extraversion/introversion
C)general intelligence
D)artistic interest
6

Cattell has measured unique traits using the
A)R technique.
B)Q technique.
C)P technique.
D)T technique.
7

Which of the following statements is true?
A)Traits are of two kinds: dispositional and hypothetical.
B)Traits are more permanent than states.
C)Traits represent a broader concept than factors.
D)Traits cannot be extracted using factor analysis.
8

Scores obtained from a mental abilities test would be an example of
A)T data.
B)dR data.
C)L data.
D)Q data.
9

The underlying factor responsible for the intercorrelation among surface traits is called
A)a super trait.
B)a source trait.
C)S data.
D)a super factor.
10

Cattell believed that pathological personalities are of two kinds: those with one or more abnormal traits and those
A)who were born defective.
B)with an extreme imbalance of normal traits.
C)without any normal traits.
D)who have inadequate defense mechanisms.
11

Sems are
A)learned or acquired traits.
B)innate drives or motives.
C)fourth-order traits.
D)ability traits.
12

Which of these is NOT a level in Cattell's dynamic lattice?
A)sem level
B)temperament level
C)erg level
D)attitude level
13

Cattell believed that ergs
A)are acquired through enculturation.
B)are the human equivalents of animal instincts.
C)separate introverts from extraverts.
D)indicate a personality disorder.
14

The ability to adapt to new kinds of material indicates
A)innate temperament.
B)fluid intelligence.
C)crystallized intelligence.
D)the extraverted personality.
15

Which label best fits Hans Eysenck?
A)generalist
B)psychoanalyst
C)physician
D)sociologist
16

In Eysenck's theory, superfactors are also called
A)source traits.
B)personal dispositions.
C)states.
D)types
17

According to Eysenck, introverts and extraverts are different in many respects. The most important difference is
A)psychological health versus psychological disturbance.
B)subjectivity versus objectivity.
C)their way of viewing the world.
D)level of cortical arousal.
18

Introverts are characterized by
A)impulsiveness.
B)control.
C)jocularity.
D)optimism.
19

People who score high on the psychoticism (P) scale are
A)egocentric, aggressive, and hostile.
B)empathetic, caring, and cooperative.
C)obsessive-compulsive, hysterical, and suggestible.
D)introverted, quiet, and thoughtful.
20

People who score high on the neuroticism (N) scale are
A)egocentric, aggressive, and hostile.
B)emotionally overreactive.
C)suffering from a psychological disorder.
D)vulnerable to illness even when they experience little stress.
21

A recent review by Stelmack found that
A)extraverts are more reactive than introverts on a variety of measures of arousal.
B)extraverts generally think faster than introverts.
C)introverts generally move faster than extraverts.
D)none of the above.
22

The theories of Cattell and Eysenck rate
A)high on biological determinants of personality.
B)high on teleology.
C)low on their ability to generate research.
D)high on free will versus determinism.