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Microbiology, 5/e

Lansing M Prescott, Augustana College
Donald A Klein, Colorado State University
John P Harley, Eastern Kentucky University

Microorganism Interactions and Microbial Ecology

Multiple Choice Quiz

Choose the best answer


1	Which of the following statements is true?
		A)	Symbiosis refers to different organisms living together.
		B)	Members of a symbiotic relationship cannot live without each other.
		C)	Symbiosis refers to different organisms living together and benefiting from each other.
		D)	A parasite is not in a symbiosis with its host.


2	The reservoir for nitrogen is
		A)	the atmosphere.
		B)	rocks.
		C)	ammonia.
		D)	nitrates.
		E)	amino acids.


3	Higher plants most often absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of
		A)	N₂.
		B)	nitrites.
		C)	ammonia.
		D)	nitrates.
		E)	amino acids.


4	All of the following are examples of negative symbiosis except
		A)	amensalism.
		B)	competition.
		C)	predation.
		D)	commensalism.
		E)	parasitism.


5	In its broadest sense _____ is the association of two or more different species of organisms.
		A)	symbiosis
		B)	populations
		C)	mutualism
		D)	parasitism
		E)	organogenesis


6	An obligatory association between two different species that is beneficial to both populations of organisms is
		A)	parasitic.
		B)	protocooperative.
		C)	predatory.
		D)	symbiotic.
		E)	mutualistic.


7	All of the following are examples of mutualistic relationships except:
		A)	Protozoan-termite interaction
		B)	Algal-fungal interactions in lichens
		C)	Zooxanthellae and corals in coral reefs
		D)	Red gutless tube worms of thermal vents and sulfur oxidizing bacteria of thermal vents
		E)	Legionella infection of a lung


8	The function of ruminant organisms is to
		A)	digest cellulosic materials into organic acids which can be used as energy sources.
		B)	construct cellulose from organic acids and use the cellulose as an energy source.
		C)	produce methane gas and increase global warming.
		D)	reduce carbon to H₂0 and CO₂.
		E)	None of the above because there are no such things as ruminant organisms.


9	Understanding ruminant ecology is important because ruminant organisms like _____ obtain much of their energetic needs by digesting cellulose into organic acids.
		A)	dogs
		B)	cats
		C)	bears
		D)	sheep
		E)	ducks


10	In a rumen the largest percentage of each carbohydrate metabolized into
		A)	CO₂.
		B)	volatile fatty acids.
		C)	organic acids of the Krebs cycle.
		D)	nucleic acids.
		E)	O₂.


11	Interspecies hydrogen transfer as occurs between Methanospirillum and Syntrophobacter is an example of
		A)	competition.
		B)	syntrophism.
		C)	oxidation.
		D)	fixation.
		E)	carboxylation.


12	A non-obligatory association between two different species that is beneficial to both populations of organisms is
		A)	parasitic.
		B)	protocooperative.
		C)	predatory.
		D)	symbiotic.
		E)	mutualistic.


13	Which of the following is/are examples of protocooperation?
		A)	Desulfovibrio and Chromatium
		B)	the Pompeii Worm and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
		C)	Shrimp Rimicaris exocalata and filamentous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
		D)	Nematode Eubostrichus parasitiferus and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
		E)	All the above are examples of protocooperation.


14	An association in which one population of organisms benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped is called a(n) _____ association.
		A)	parasitic.
		B)	protocooperative.
		C)	commensalistic.
		D)	symbiotic.
		E)	mutualistic.


15	Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter interactions in the nitrogen cycle where Nitrosomonas oxidizes ammonium ions to nitrite and Nitrobacter oxidizes nitrite to nitrate is an example of
		A)	parasitism.
		B)	protocooperation.
		C)	commensalism.
		D)	syntrophism.
		E)	mutualism.


16	Which of the following associations is characterized by one organism attaching or engulfing the other?
		A)	predation.
		B)	protocooperation.
		C)	commensalism.
		D)	syntrophism.
		E)	mutualism.


17	Which of the following associations is characterized by some degree of coexistence whereby one organism benefits at the expense of the other?
		A)	predation.
		B)	protocooperation.
		C)	commensalism.
		D)	parasitism.
		E)	mutualism.


18	_____ describes the negative effect that one organism has on another organism because of release of a specific compound that detrimentally effects the second organism.
		A)	Amensalism.
		B)	Protocooperation.
		C)	Commensalism.
		D)	Parasitism.
		E)	Mutualism.


19	In leaf cutter ant colonies a streptomycete bacterium produces an antibiotic that controls Escovopis, a persistent parasitic fungus that can destroy the ants' fungal garden. This is an example of
		A)	mutualism.
		B)	syntrophism.
		C)	commensalism.
		D)	amensalism.
		E)	protocooperation.


20	_____ is the process in which organic matter is decomposed to release simpler, inorganic compounds.
		A)	Ammonification
		B)	Nitrogen fixation
		C)	Mineralization
		D)	Immobilization
		E)	Nitrification

For the next set of questions compare the entities I and II and use the following key to characterize their relationship


21	I. - The amount of energy required for ammonia oxidation to nitrite. II. - The amount of energy required for nitrogen fixation.
		A)	I is greater than II.
		B)	II is greater than I.
		C)	I is exactly or approximately equal to II.
		D)	I may stand in more than one of the above relations to II.


22	I. - The amount of reduction potential required for nitrate assimilation. II. - The amount of reduction potential required for nitrification.
		A)	I is greater than II.
		B)	II is greater than I.
		C)	I is exactly or approximately equal to II.
		D)	I may stand in more than one of the above relations to II.


23	I - The use of manganese in magnetosomes by magneto-aerotactic bacteria II. - The use of iron in magnetosomes by magneto-aerotactic bacteria
		A)	I is greater than II.
		B)	II is greater than I.
		C)	I is exactly or approximately equal to II.
		D)	I may stand in more than one of the above relations to II.

The next set of questions are normal multiple choice.


24	The Mad Hatter of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland and the people surrounding Japan's Minamata Bay are linked by toxicity to which element?
		A)	manganese
		B)	magnesium
		C)	mercury
		D)	molybdenum
		E)	iron

For the next set of questions, compare the validity or two statements


25	Ruminant organisms include: I. - obligate aerobes. II. - anaerobic fungi
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.


26	Predatory bacteria I. - do not exist because bacteria are too small. II. - have to be larger than their prey.
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.


27	Examples of predatory organisms include I. - bacteria. II. - fungi.
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.


28	Biodegradation of lignin is I. - is very likely to occur when wooden pilings are sunk into ground below water tables. II. - dependent on oxygen availability.
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.


29	Microorganisms play a significant role in cycling nutrients in the I. - sulfur cycle. II. - iron cycle.
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.


30	The amount of mercury per gram of tissue in Japan's Minamata Bay in I. - phytoplanktonic organisms. II. - herbivorous organisms.
		A)	I only is true.
		B)	II only is true.
		C)	Both I and II are true.
		D)	Neither I nor II are true.

For the next 2 items each item lists two categories, numbered I and II.


31	I. - Parasitic organisms II. - Bacteria
		A)	All members of I are also members of II, but not all members of II are members of I.
		B)	All members of II are also members of I, but not all members of I are members of II.
		C)	All members of I are members of II, and all members of II are members of I.
		D)	No member of I is also a member of II.
		E)	Some members of I are members of II and some are not and some members of II are members of I and some are not.


32	I. - Nitrogen fixing organisms II. - Symbiotic Bacteria
		A)	All members of I are also members of II, but not all members of II are members of I.
		B)	All members of II are also members of I, but not all members of I are members of II.
		C)	All members of I are members of II, and all members of II are members of I.
		D)	No member of I is also a member of II.
		E)	Some members of I are members of II and some are not and some members of II are members of I and some are not.

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