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1 | |
When questioned about the belief that the American economy permits people to become independently wealthy, virtually all college students in social problems classes taught by the authors of your text agreed that they could become independently wealthy. Many of them also declared that they: |
| | A) | would continue to work. |
| | B) | very probably would become independently wealthy. |
| | C) | would not continue to work. |
| | D) | had almost no chance of achieving independent wealth. |
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2 | |
Among changes that have occurred in the U.S. economy in this era of globalization, we would include all of the following except: |
| | A) | a decline in union membership and power. |
| | B) | corporate reliance on downsizing. |
| | C) | an increase in jobs without benefits. |
| | D) | an increase in corporate tax obligations. |
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3 | |
During the 20th century, which of the following occupational categories did NOT increase appreciably as a proportion of the labor force? |
| | A) | technical specialists |
| | B) | service workers |
| | C) | unskilled workers |
| | D) | managers |
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4 | |
Which of the following statements is true regarding union affiliation in America? |
| | A) | About half of blue-collar workers are union members. |
| | B) | Labor union memberships increased until the 1960s. |
| | C) | Unionized workers do not include local, state, or federal government workers. |
| | D) | Unionization rates are low among police and firefighters. |
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5 | |
According to your text, which of the following is NOT directly related to job satisfaction? |
| | A) | work that is closely supervised |
| | B) | opportunities for advancement |
| | C) | work that requires problem solving |
| | D) | work that requires creativity |
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6 | |
The unemployment rate is defined as the proportion of people in the labor force who meet all of the following criteria except one. Which of the following is not one of the criteria? |
| | A) | They are actively seeking work. |
| | B) | They are available for work. |
| | C) | They want work. |
| | D) | They are not presently working. |
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7 | |
Your overall odds of being employed are best if you are a(n): |
| | A) | younger, white male. |
| | B) | older, white female. |
| | C) | older, white male. |
| | D) | younger, black female. |
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8 | |
If you were Karl Marx, you would say that Dieter, a factory worker, is alienated: |
| | A) | if he feels powerless. |
| | B) | if he feels insecure about his job. |
| | C) | if he feels his work is meaningless. |
| | D) | regardless of how he sees his work. |
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9 | |
The likelihood of suffering fatal injuries is greatest among which of the following groups? |
| | A) | construction workers |
| | B) | agricultural workers |
| | C) | utilities workers |
| | D) | employees in meat-packing plants |
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10 | |
According to survey evidence cited in your text, well over 80 percent of workers reported that: |
| | A) | they had to work very hard. |
| | B) | work stress had resulted in health problems. |
| | C) | they would be seeking a new employer within the next year. |
| | D) | they had felt nervous or stressed in the previous three months. |
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11 | |
A fascinating study by Brenner, covering data from 1940 to the early 1970s, showed that a sustained 1 percent rise in the unemployment rate corresponded to increases of from 3.4 to 4.1 percent in all of the following except: |
| | A) | admissions to state mental hospitals. |
| | B) | divorce. |
| | C) | suicide. |
| | D) | admissions to state prisons. |
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12 | |
In our capitalist economy, structural factors that contribute to unemployment include all of the following except: |
| | A) | downsizing. |
| | B) | employing female workers. |
| | C) | hiring temporary and part-time workers. |
| | D) | union busting. |
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13 | |
Regarding the corporate practice of downsizing, which of the following statements is most accurate? |
| | A) | Downsizing tends to occur primarily when the economy is in recession. |
| | B) | Downsizing tends to occur primarily when the economy is booming. |
| | C) | Downsizing tends to occur primarily as a result of union-led strikes. |
| | D) | Executives are rewarded for downsizing. |
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14 | |
Among reasons why the lone breadwinner ideal of earlier times is no longer realistic, which of the following statements is most accurate? |
| | A) | As production workers' wages began to increase, benefits were cut back. |
| | B) | The hourly earnings of production workers increased slowly between 1973 and 1996. |
| | C) | About 1 in 10 private-sector workers is not covered by a company pension plan. |
| | D) | As wages have remained stagnate for many, health insurance coverage has increased. |
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15 | |
Interviews with the managers of temporary employment firms reveal that the enormous increase in the demand for "temps" is related to any or all of the following except: |
| | A) | employer concern for lower costs. |
| | B) | re-hiring employees as "rentals." |
| | C) | employer concern for flexibility. |
| | D) | worker preference. |
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16 | |
Given the relationship between inflation and unemployment, government interventions in the economy ____________ unemployment when they are directed toward controlling inflation. |
| | A) | decrease |
| | B) | measure |
| | C) | increase |
| | D) | ignore |
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17 | |
Which of the following is NOT cited by the text as one of the reasons for the decline of unions in the United States? |
| | A) | adverse rulings by conservative federal judges |
| | B) | militant union efforts at recruitment |
| | C) | adverse rulings by the National Labor Relations Board |
| | D) | legal support of management efforts to exclude or bust unions |
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18 | |
Among the primary factors that affect the nature of work roles in America, we would include all of the following except: |
| | A) | the shortage of qualified workers. |
| | B) | efforts to maximize profits. |
| | C) | the bureaucratization of work. |
| | D) | technological developments. |
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19 | |
Which of the following has NOT been an important consequence of technological developments in the workplace? |
| | A) | depersonalization |
| | B) | highly specialized tasks |
| | C) | repetitious routine tasks |
| | D) | authoritarian decision making |
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20 | |
Which of the following statements tends NOT to be true of the disabled, according to research comparing disabled and able-bodied workers? |
| | A) | They are less productive. |
| | B) | They have better attendance records. |
| | C) | They have lower turnover rates. |
| | D) | They have better safety records. |
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21 | |
If you endorse the work ethic, you assume that the work you choose is intimately connected to your sense of self-worth and to satisfying your needs in life. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
From a 1999 survey discussed in your text, we learn that the majority of Americans are either satisfied or very satisfied with their work. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
Regarding issues of worker satisfaction, employees in companies that have cut their workforces are likely to rate their employers lower on such things as management and ethics. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
In 1981, the Reagan administration illegally fired 1,200 striking air-traffic controllers. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
Since it was established in 1970, OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, has had only a modest impact on deaths due to workplace conditions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education