 |
1 | |
Epidemiology focuses on all of the following aspects of disease except its: |
| | A) | incidence. |
| | B) | prevalence. |
| | C) | distribution. |
| | D) | sociology. |
|
|
2 | |
Average life expectancy in the year 1910 was quite low compared to life expectancy today. This was largely due to: |
| | A) | the cost of medical care. |
| | B) | a low level of interest in maintaining good health. |
| | C) | a high level of infant mortality. |
| | D) | reduced fertility. |
|
|
3 | |
Currently, the most common chronic disease in America is: |
| | A) | arthritis. |
| | B) | cardiovascular disease. |
| | C) | cancer. |
| | D) | high blood pressure. |
|
|
4 | |
In terms of the relationship between gender and disease, we find that men have higher rates of: |
| | A) | visual and hearing problems. |
| | B) | acute, short-term infectious diseases. |
| | C) | non-fatal chronic diseases. |
| | D) | short-term disabilities. |
|
|
5 | |
Worldwide, the populations most afflicted by the AIDS virus live in: |
| | A) | North America. |
| | B) | Sub-Saharan Africa. |
| | C) | The Middle East and North Africa. |
| | D) | Central and South America. |
|
|
6 | |
Since 1980, which of the following classifications of mental illness is no longer in use? |
| | A) | mental disorder |
| | B) | neurosis |
| | C) | psychosis |
| | D) | psychosomatic disorder |
|
|
7 | |
Manic-depressive reaction is considered to be a(n) _____________ disorder. |
| | A) | personality |
| | B) | impulse |
| | C) | anxiety |
| | D) | affective |
|
|
8 | |
Your text discusses an extensive psychiatric survey (involving more than 8,000 subjects) that found that approximately _________ percent of Americans are in serious need of psychiatric help at a given time. |
| | A) | 25 to 30 |
| | B) | 45 to 55 |
| | C) | 3 to 5 |
| | D) | 10 to 15 |
|
|
9 | |
Men are more likely than women to have mental or emotional disorders involving: |
| | A) | substance abuse. |
| | B) | affective functioning. |
| | C) | depression. |
| | D) | anxiety. |
|
|
10 | |
As discussed in your text, both mental illness and ___________ are associated with social stigma. |
| | A) | heart disease |
| | B) | diabetes |
| | C) | cancer |
| | D) | stroke |
|
|
11 | |
When a person is ill, demanding much attention, his/her family may withdraw into ____________ of illness characterized by isolation, suspicion, and disorganization. |
| | A) | a status |
| | B) | relationships |
| | C) | a subculture |
| | D) | interactions |
|
|
12 | |
Errors in diagnosis, medication, or surgery cause approximately __________ deaths per year in hospitals in the United States. |
| | A) | 1,000 |
| | B) | 5,000 |
| | C) | 50,000 |
| | D) | 100,000 |
|
|
13 | |
Research conducted in 1999 involving four hospitals found that about __________ percent of Caesarean sections were performed without medical justification. |
| | A) | 25 |
| | B) | 80 |
| | C) | 40 |
| | D) | 10 |
|
|
14 | |
In a study of stereotyping in medical diagnosis, 209 psychiatrists were given two case studies to evaluate, both representing patients who had previously been diagnosed as schizophrenics. The likelihood of an accurate diagnosis being made on the basis of the symptoms given in the case studies was highest when the patients were reported to be: |
| | A) | of the same race or gender as the reporting psychiatrist. |
| | B) | of a different gender than the reporting psychiatrist. |
| | C) | of a different race than the reporting psychiatrist. |
| | D) | around the same age as the reporting psychiatrist. |
|
|
15 | |
Deinstitutionalization was intended to do all of the following except: |
| | A) | reduce costs. |
| | B) | allow the mentally ill to get well through self-reliance. |
| | C) | provide a more human environment for the mentally ill. |
| | D) | respect the human rights of the mentally ill. |
|
|
16 | |
All of the following factors are cited in your text as being the main causes of the escalating cost of medical care except: |
| | A) | population growth. |
| | B) | the use of high-tech treatments. |
| | C) | increasing rates of infectious disease. |
| | D) | inflation. |
|
|
17 | |
The highest rates of mental disorder are found among women who are: |
| | A) | single. |
| | B) | widowed. |
| | C) | divorced. |
| | D) | married. |
|
|
18 | |
In the industrial nations, schizophrenia is strongly associated with: |
| | A) | lead pollution. |
| | B) | unemployment. |
| | C) | pesticide and herbicide pollution. |
| | D) | subsistence employment. |
|
|
19 | |
In the context of research related to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, which of the following statements tends NOT to be true? |
| | A) | Change, in itself, is a stress producer. |
| | B) | Role changes contribute to stress. |
| | C) | The death of a spouse is rated as the most stressful event. |
| | D) | Changes in institutional participation are related to stress. |
|
|
20 | |
Concerning stigma and myths that may be associated with mental illness, which of the following statements is most accurate? |
| | A) | People who have received shock treatment were gravely ill. |
| | B) | A former mental patient is likely to be a second-rate employee. |
| | C) | Persons with a history of substance abuse may engage in violent behavior. |
| | D) | People with mental disorders are likely to be unpredictable. |
|
|
21 | |
Regarding disease, the number of new cases that occur at a given time is to incidence as the number of cases that exist at a given time is to prevalence. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
22 | |
Worldwide, infectious diseases cause more deaths than cancer and heart disease combined. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
23 | |
Misdiagnosis, incorrect medication, and unnecessary surgery may all be factors in iatrogenic problems suffered by patients. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
24 | |
Being female and adhering to the female role are associated with high stress in our society. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
25 | |
People in the lower classes are less likely to die at an early age if their health risk behavior is similar to that of people in the upper socioeconomic classes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education