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1 | |
Comparing American concerns about crime, the economy, war, and poverty, Gallup polls conducted since 1935 have consistently shown ____________ as being the "most important problem." |
| | A) | war |
| | B) | poverty |
| | C) | the economy |
| | D) | crime |
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2 | |
A study by Singer and Small, covering the period from 1816 to 1965, revealed that a war between nation states broke out, on average, every _______ years. |
| | A) | 3 |
| | B) | 5 |
| | C) | 10 |
| | D) | 20 |
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3 | |
Which of the following wars resulted in the least bloodshed? |
| | A) | the civil war in Mozambique |
| | B) | the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan |
| | C) | the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait |
| | D) | the civil war in the Sudan |
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4 | |
Among the most lethal wars in American history, we would include World War II and: |
| | A) | the Spanish-American War. |
| | B) | the war in Vietnam. |
| | C) | World War I. |
| | D) | the Civil War. |
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5 | |
After Desert Storm, about _______ percent of those who died in Iraq from war-related injuries, starvation, or disease were children. |
| | A) | 20 |
| | B) | 80 |
| | C) | 40 |
| | D) | 60 |
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6 | |
Research has indicated that rates of homicide and other forms of violent crime escalate markedly after a war: |
| | A) | within a defeated nation. |
| | B) | in both defeated and victorious nations. |
| | C) | if the economy is poor in either a victorious or a defeated nation. |
| | D) | if the economy is poor in a defeated nation. |
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7 | |
Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe the situation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in the wake of the atomic bombings? |
| | A) | Children were afraid to become attached to others. |
| | B) | Crime rates in the two cities were extremely high. |
| | C) | Surviving adults developed an angry resolve to rebuild and start over. |
| | D) | Most survivors carried a deep sense of guilt. |
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8 | |
Post-traumatic stress disorders may be short-term, long-term, or recurring, according to research conducted with: |
| | A) | Cambodian children. |
| | B) | survivors of Dachau. |
| | C) | Croatian children. |
| | D) | Vietnam War veterans. |
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9 | |
Research into the effects of the strategic bombing of Germany during World War II led to one basic conclusion. What was it? |
| | A) | The bombing produced few civilian casualties. |
| | B) | The ratio of aircrew to bombing fatalities was a bit more than 1 to 2. |
| | C) | The bombing led to the collapse of civilian morale. |
| | D) | The bombing had little effect on the eventual outcome of the war. |
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10 | |
Regarding the prospect of a "nuclear winter" following a general exchange of nuclear weapons, which of the following statements is least accurate? |
| | A) | Temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere could drop by as much as 60 degrees Fahrenheit. |
| | B) | Damage to the ozone layer would be severe. |
| | C) | A shroud of smoke would block sunlight in the Northern Hemisphere for at least two years. |
| | D) | A nuclear winter would result from multiple fires following a nuclear exchange. |
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11 | |
In terms of the costs involved in preparing for and fighting wars, which of the following statements is most accurate? |
| | A) | The Cold War arms race cost the U.S. about 5.5 billion dollars. |
| | B) | Each B-2 bomber costs about 2 billion dollars. |
| | C) | In 1999, U.S. defense spending amounted to 40 cents of each tax dollar. |
| | D) | The cost of one minute of modern war is approximately equivalent to the annual income of a median-income family. |
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12 | |
In the second half of the 20th century, nations around the world have spent trillions of dollars in an effort to gain or maintain military ___________, if not outright superiority. |
| | A) | adequacy |
| | B) | might |
| | C) | independence |
| | D) | parity |
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13 | |
Regarding the forcible detention of Japanese Americans during World War II, which of the following statements is FALSE? |
| | A) | Those who were relocated had committed no crimes. |
| | B) | There was no evidence that those detained were disloyal to the United States. |
| | C) | The U.S. Supreme Court overruled the decision to relocate Japanese Americans. |
| | D) | Japanese-American landholdings contributed to the relocation decision. |
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14 | |
According to your text, ____________ may prevent technological advances produced through military expenditures from benefiting the general population. |
| | A) | secrecy |
| | B) | indifference |
| | C) | corporate patents |
| | D) | cost-cutting |
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15 | |
Which of the following did your text NOT cite as evidence that the mass media contributed to public consensus in support of the Gulf War against Iraq? |
| | A) | The media provided an extensive history of the Middle East. |
| | B) | Only one out of 878 news sources was a peace organization. |
| | C) | More professional football players than peace activists were asked to express their opinions about the conflict. |
| | D) | Media anchors and reporters expressed jingoistic attitudes. |
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16 | |
In terms of per capita dollars spent and percentage of the gross national product, the highest level of military expenditures among the following nations is found in: |
| | A) | Pakistan. |
| | B) | Israel. |
| | C) | The United States. |
| | D) | Sweden. |
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17 | |
Who among the following was NOT cited in your text as declaring economics to be the primary cause of war? |
| | A) | Plato |
| | B) | Karl Marx |
| | C) | Aristotle |
| | D) | Thomas Jefferson |
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18 | |
The 1990 START treaty between the United States and Russia: |
| | A) | has never been ratified by the U.S. Senate. |
| | B) | was aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear technologies to rogue nations. |
| | C) | permits both nations to retaliate fully after a first strike. |
| | D) | relates to all technologies of mass destruction. |
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19 | |
Among six forms of international misperception identified in a study by White, seeing the best in our nation and the worst in an enemy nation is referred to as: |
| | A) | the virile self-image. |
| | B) | the diabolical enemy image. |
| | C) | selective inattention. |
| | D) | the moral self-image. |
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20 | |
In the process referred to as Graduated ____________ in Tension Reduction (GRIT), President John Kennedy initiated unilateral banning of atmospheric nuclear testing, and Soviet Premier Khrushchev made a concession on sending observers to Yemen. |
| | A) | Reciprocation |
| | B) | Resistance |
| | C) | Revision |
| | D) | Renegotiation |
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21 | |
Between 1816 and 1965, Singer and Small found an increase in the intensity of war. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
Changes in the nature of war are the primary reason for the increase in the destructiveness of warfare. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
Being young turned out to be a factor in the severity of psychological problems suffered as result of exposure to combat in Vietnam. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Experts feel it will take about 30 years to clean up the toxic wastes that have been produced at federal weapons facilities across the U.S. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
Davenport's research indicated that, even in democracies, the level of resources expended for military purposes was positively correlated with the extent of governmental censorship and repression. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education