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1 | |
Which of the following does not fall into the racial categories used by the U.S. Census Bureau? |
| | A) | white |
| | B) | black |
| | C) | Hispanic |
| | D) | Asian or Pacific Islander |
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2 | |
Among three forms of "everyday" racism identified by Essed, which one refers to efforts to deny the existence of racism? |
| | A) | containment |
| | B) | deferral |
| | C) | marginalization |
| | D) | problematization |
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3 | |
Among minority groups in the United States, which one has, in part, grown rapidly as a result of racial identity "switching" in recent census years? |
| | A) | African Americans |
| | B) | American Indians |
| | C) | Asian Americans |
| | D) | Hispanics |
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4 | |
Among five distinct dimensions of spatial variation related to segregation, which one refers to the extent to which members of a minority group are gathered around an urban center? |
| | A) | clustering |
| | B) | centralization |
| | C) | exposure |
| | D) | concentration |
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5 | |
In America, the term "hypersegregation" applies to: |
| | A) | whites. |
| | B) | Hispanics. |
| | C) | Asian Americans. |
| | D) | African Americans. |
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6 | |
The infamous "grandfather clause," designed to disenfranchise black voters, was a(n): |
| | A) | form of literacy test. |
| | B) | property test. |
| | C) | exemption from literacy tests for descendants of pre-1865 voters. |
| | D) | rule excluding whites from poll taxes. |
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7 | |
It is estimated that approximately __________ percent of black males are likely to be incarcerated at some point in their lives. |
| | A) | 25 |
| | B) | 35 |
| | C) | 18 |
| | D) | 12 |
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8 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which a minority group is likely to have unequal access to employment? |
| | A) | clustering in illegal occupations |
| | B) | higher rates of unemployment |
| | C) | clustering in lower level positions |
| | D) | higher rates of underemployment |
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9 | |
The highest unemployment rates are found among: |
| | A) | Asian/Pacific Islanders. |
| | B) | African Americans. |
| | C) | American Indians. |
| | D) | Hispanics. |
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10 | |
The income gap between whites and ___________ has decreased in recent years. |
| | A) | African Americans |
| | B) | Hispanics |
| | C) | American Indians |
| | D) | Asian-Americans |
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11 | |
Polls conducted since the 1970s seeking to measure happiness have found that blacks tend to score higher than whites on: |
| | A) | marital satisfaction. |
| | B) | mistrust. |
| | C) | perceived health. |
| | D) | life-satisfaction. |
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12 | |
Howard, an African American, has had a hard day. Two on-duty taxis passed him by, and an elderly white woman expressed shock when she realized that Howard, dressed for casual Friday, was the vice president of a software development firm. Howard has been experiencing __________ racism. |
| | A) | vicarious |
| | B) | subtle |
| | C) | stealth |
| | D) | covert |
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13 | |
The cherished American myth that success is "just around the corner" if you will just work for it, is, when applied to minorities, an example of the fallacy of: |
| | A) | circular reasoning. |
| | B) | non sequitur. |
| | C) | retrospective determinism. |
| | D) | personal attack. |
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14 | |
According to the authors of The Bell Curve (1994), differences in achievement between blacks and whites are inevitable and unchangeable because: |
| | A) | sixty percent of IQ is inherited. |
| | B) | blacks suffer from premature ossification of the skull. |
| | C) | poverty breeds genetic deficiency. |
| | D) | less than 80 percent of IQ is environmentally determined. |
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15 | |
For any human trait determined in any way through genetic inheritance, there is more __________ variation than there is intergroup variation; therefore there is no scientifically valid argument for the innate superiority of any particular human group. |
| | A) | social |
| | B) | intragroup |
| | C) | inherited |
| | D) | personal |
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16 | |
Research findings that contradict the argument for genetic superiority include all of the following except: |
| | A) | Blacks score higher on IQ tests administered by blacks rather by than whites. |
| | B) | Identical twins raised separately may have IQ scores as much as 14 points apart. |
| | C) | IQ scores are not altered much by programs designed to raise them. |
| | D) | IQ data for African Americans are similar to data recorded for European immigrants of the 1920s. |
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17 | |
Institutional racism arises from the perpetuation of discriminatory: |
| | A) | stereotypes. |
| | B) | assumptions. |
| | C) | attitudes. |
| | D) | policies. |
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18 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the practices that tends to perpetuate discrimination in primary and secondary schools? |
| | A) | testing presumed to measure IQ |
| | B) | deliberate grouping of student by social class |
| | C) | presumably valid ability grouping of children |
| | D) | segregated schools |
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19 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which institutional racism pervades the economy? |
| | A) | exclusion of whites from entry-level jobs |
| | B) | exclusion of minorities from full participation in the economy |
| | C) | exploitation of minority labor |
| | D) | exploitation of minority consumers |
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20 | |
We may say of prejudice that it is an individual characteristic and that its causes ____________ the individual. |
| | A) | are inherent in |
| | B) | are perpetuated in |
| | C) | lie outside |
| | D) | are born in |
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21 | |
A scheme for classifying people by their biological differences, established by Coon and others about 1950, identified six basic races according to geographical distribution and physical morphology. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
Resistance to the integration of public accommodations has been most often noted in the case of restaurants and recreational facilities. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
One's life chances include the probability of divorce, disease, mental illness, or suicide. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
In recent surveys, blacks were less inclined than whites to endorse the value of hard work or education in achieving success. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
Over all, Americans who are members of the dominant majority are finally adjusting their behavior to be consistent with their declining tendency toward prejudice against minorities. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education