Select the most correct answer from the alternatives given.
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1 | | The Greenhouse Effect is related most closely to: |
| | A) | increases in atmosphere carbon dioxide |
| | B) | nutrient enrichment of water through concentrations of fertilizer in agricultural runoff |
| | C) | the conversion of sulfur oxides into sulfuric acid (acid rain) in the atmosphere |
| | D) | the return of heated water to the environment |
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2 | | Which of the following would be considered a decomposer in the food chain? |
| | A) | bacteria |
| | B) | humans |
| | C) | phytoplankton |
| | D) | small fish |
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3 | | All but which of the following are symptoms of eutrophication? |
| | A) | fish kills |
| | B) | large masses of algae |
| | C) | prolific weed growth |
| | D) | rapid reduction in bottom sediments |
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4 | | The process of desertification is occurring in all but which of the following regions: |
| | A) | Canada |
| | B) | India |
| | C) | Middle East |
| | D) | Western Sahara |
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5 | | All of the following are international agreements to control pollution except: |
| | A) | Montreal Protocol |
| | B) | Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution |
| | C) | Clean Air Acts series, 1963-1990 |
| | D) | Kyoto Protocol |
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6 | | Which activity accounts for the greatest percentage of water usage in the United States? |
| | A) | agriculture |
| | B) | industry |
| | C) | mining |
| | D) | urbanization |
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7 | | Aside from overhunting, the main cause of animal species extinction has been: |
| | A) | biological concentration of harmful species |
| | B) | destruction of habitat by human activity |
| | C) | introduction of other predator species |
| | D) | introduction of zebra mussels |
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8 | | Concentration of such substances as DDT in plants and animals exemplifies a process known as: |
| | A) | biological magnification |
| | B) | eutrophication |
| | C) | temperature inversion |
| | D) | thermal pollution |
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9 | | The largest underground water supply in the U.S. is located in the: |
| | A) | Florida Everglades |
| | B) | Great Lakes Basin |
| | C) | High Plains from South Dakota to Texas |
| | D) | Tennessee Valley |
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10 | | Which activity contributes to water pollution more than any other throughout the world? |
| | A) | agriculture |
| | B) | hydroelectric power generation |
| | C) | industry |
| | D) | urbanization |
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11 | | An example of high-level hazardous waste is: |
| | A) | detergent wastes |
| | B) | organic solvents |
| | C) | radio-pharmaceutical waste |
| | D) | spent nuclear power reactor fuel assemblies |
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12 | | The three main types of pollutants found in agricultural runoff are: |
| | A) | animal wastes, biocides, fertilizers |
| | B) | animal wastes, biocides, organic solvents |
| | C) | biocides, erosion, fertilizers |
| | D) | biocides, herbicides, pesticides |
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13 | | With respect to the earth as a system, the hydrosphere is concerned with: |
| | A) | air |
| | B) | rocks |
| | C) | vegetation |
| | D) | water |
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14 | | One possible effect of global warming would be: |
| | A) | an increase in the amount of fresh water throughout the globe |
| | B) | an increase in volcanic activity |
| | C) | coastal wetlands would be submerged |
| | D) | the continental interiors of middle latitudes would receive greater precipitation |
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15 | | An aquifer is: |
| | A) | a pipeline which transports water to urban areas |
| | B) | responsible for 40 percent of the irrigated acreage in the United States |
| | C) | the cause of regional water shortages |
| | D) | an underground zone of water-saturated sands and gravels |
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16 | | Which of the following is the single greatest contributor to solid wastes? |
| | A) | agriculture |
| | B) | industry |
| | C) | mining |
| | D) | urbanization |
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17 | | The United States is responsible for what proportion of the world’s air pollution? |
| | A) | 5 percent |
| | B) | 20 percent |
| | C) | 33 percent |
| | D) | 50 percent |
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18 | | Which of the following is not a secondary effect of the process of soil erosion? |
| | A) | accelerated siltation of nearby streams and reservoirs |
| | B) | increase in urban water supplies |
| | C) | loss of topsoil |
| | D) | salinization |
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19 | | The most common disposal of solid waste is: |
| | A) | concrete encased storage tanks |
| | B) | deep well injection |
| | C) | sanitary landfills |
| | D) | ocean dumping |
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20 | | Which of the following concerning air pollution is not correct? |
| | A) | Air pollution is not a global problem, rather it is restricted to the industrialized countries. |
| | B) | Burning of fossil fuels creates the largest proportion of pollutants. |
| | C) | Dust from volcanic eruptions can temporarily alter the atmosphere. |
| | D) | Truly clean air has probably never existed. |
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21 | | A plant or animal that has been released into an ecosystem in which it did not evolve is all of the following except: |
| | A) | feral |
| | B) | non-indigenous |
| | C) | exotic |
| | D) | alien |
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22 | | Acid rain contamination in New England is blamed primarily on: |
| | A) | increased automobile emissions from states like California |
| | B) | midwestern coal burning power stations and industries |
| | C) | global warming |
| | D) | recent major volcanic eruptions in Asia |
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23 | | Which of the following does not place growing demands on water supplies? |
| | A) | hydrologic cycle |
| | B) | agriculture |
| | C) | suburban residential development |
| | D) | industrialization |
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24 | | Depletion of the earth’s ozone layer is expected to lead to all of the following consequences except: |
| | A) | increases in the incidence of skin cancer |
| | B) | increases in human vulnerability to a variety of infectious diseases |
| | C) | an increase in sea temperatures causing melting of the polar ice caps |
| | D) | threaten the existence of the microscopic plankton at the base of the marine food chain |
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25 | | The agricultural practice of terracing: |
| | A) | allows soil to renew its fertility |
| | B) | decreases soil erosion |
| | C) | increases soil erosion |
| | D) | takes large amounts of land out of agricultural production |
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