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1 | |
A(An) ______ is an organic molecule synthesized by a plant that has physiological and/or developmental effects. |
| | A) | enzyme |
| | B) | plant hormone |
| | C) | nutrient |
| | D) | cotyledon |
| | E) | pollen grain |
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2 | |
Which of the following plant hormones is NOT a growth promoter? |
| | A) | auxins |
| | B) | gibberellins |
| | C) | cytokinins |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
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3 | |
Which of the following plant hormones acts to cause a leaf and/or fruit to drop? |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | gibberellin |
| | C) | cytokinin |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
| | E) | ethylene |
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4 | |
Which of the following plant hormones affects stem elongation? |
| | A) | phytochrome |
| | B) | gibberellin |
| | C) | cytokinin |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
| | E) | ethylene |
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5 | |
Violets and tulips flower in the spring; asters and goldenrods flower in the fall. This indicates that flowering is controlled by ______ . |
| | A) | temperature |
| | B) | day length |
| | C) | sunlight |
| | D) | gravity |
| | E) | plant hormones alone |
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6 | |
A response based on the proportion of light to darkness in a 24-hour cycle is called ______ . |
| | A) | photoperiodism |
| | B) | etiolation |
| | C) | translocation |
| | D) | transpiration |
| | E) | alternation of generations |
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7 | |
______ plants initiate flowering when the days get shorter than a critical length. |
| | A) | Long-day |
| | B) | Short-day |
| | C) | Day-length-neutral |
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8 | |
A particular plant does not flower when the day is shorter than a critical length. However, when the day is longer than a critical length, it will flower. If a long night is interrupted by a flash of light, the plant will also flower. Such a plant is classified as a ______ plant. |
| | A) | long-day |
| | B) | short-day |
| | C) | day-length-neutral |
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9 | |
______ is a pigment that is part of a biological clock system that helps control flowering. |
| | A) | Gibberellin |
| | B) | Auxin |
| | C) | Phytochrome |
| | D) | Chlorophyll |
| | E) | Photoperiodism |
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10 | |
The photoperiod of a plant refers to the relative periods of light and dark that controls their flowering response. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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11 | |
Which pigment detects the photoperiod and the presence of sunlight so as to regulate the life cycle and growth of a plant? |
| | A) | gibberellin |
| | B) | auxin |
| | C) | phytochrome |
| | D) | chlorophyll |
| | E) | cytokinin |
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12 | |
Plants bend toward the light so as to promote photosynthesis. This occurs because auxin is transported to the _____ , causing the cells on this side to elongate. |
| | A) | shady side of the shoot |
| | B) | sunny side of the shoot |
| | C) | shady side of the root |
| | D) | sunny side of the root |
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13 | |
Which of the following plant hormones can cause the base of a shoot to form new roots and prevents fruit from dropping too soon? |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | cytokinin |
| | C) | gibberellin |
| | D) | ethylene |
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14 | |
Which plant hormone is classified as an inhibitor and causes fruit to ripen? |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | cytokinin |
| | C) | gibberellin |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
| | E) | ethylene |
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15 | |
Plant hormones may promote or inhibit growth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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16 | |
Flowering in plants is controlled by the length of continuous daylight, not continuous darkness. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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17 | |
In order to flower, short-day plants require a period of darkness longer than a critical length, and long-day plants require a period of darkness shorter than a critical length. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | |
In flowering plants, the sex organs for sexual reproduction are located in the ______ . |
| | A) | leaf |
| | B) | petiole |
| | C) | stem |
| | D) | root |
| | E) | flower |
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19 | |
Which of the following is NOT part of a flower? |
| | A) | stigma |
| | B) | style |
| | C) | ovary |
| | D) | petiole |
| | E) | anther |
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20 | |
Which part of a flower forms a small vaselike structure in the center of the flower? |
| | A) | stigma |
| | B) | style |
| | C) | ovary |
| | D) | carpal |
| | E) | anther |
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21 | |
In which part of a flower will ovules be found? |
| | A) | anther |
| | B) | filament |
| | C) | stigma |
| | D) | style |
| | E) | ovary |
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22 | |
Which of the following associations is NOT a comparison of male and female parts? |
| | A) | ovary--anther |
| | B) | style--filament |
| | C) | microspore--megaspore |
| | D) | embryo sac--pollen sac |
| | E) | sepal--petal |
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23 | |
Which part of a flower is an enlarged sticky knob? |
| | A) | anther |
| | B) | filament |
| | C) | stigma |
| | D) | style |
| | E) | ovary |
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24 | |
Pollination occurs when ______ . |
| | A) | pollen from the stigma is transferred to the anther of the ovary |
| | B) | pollen from the anther is transferred to the stigma of the ovary |
| | C) | pollen from the anther is transferred to the style of the ovary |
| | D) | sperm in the pollen tube combines with the egg in the ovule |
| | E) | sperm in the pollen tube combines with the polar nuclei in the ovule |
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25 | |
Which generation in a flowering plant is diploid and can produce haploid spores? |
| | A) | sporophyte |
| | B) | gametophyte |
| | C) | oocyte |
| | D) | spermatocyte |
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26 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about alternation of generations in flowering plants? |
| | A) | The gametophyte generation is haploid. |
| | B) | The sporophyte generation is diploid. |
| | C) | The gametophyte generation produces haploid microspores and megaspores. |
| | D) | The microspore becomes a pollen grain, which upon maturity becomes a male gametophyte. |
| | E) | The megaspore becomes an egg-containing embryo sac, which is the female gametophyte. |
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27 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about reproduction in flowering plants? |
| | A) | The pollen grain, or male gametophyte, will contain two cells, the generative cell and the tube cell. |
| | B) | The female gametophyte, or embryo sac, consists of eight haploid nuclei, one of which is the egg and two polar nuclei. |
| | C) | One sperm nucleus within the pollen tube will migrate to and fertilize the egg, forming a zygote. |
| | D) | Another sperm nucleus within the pollen tube will migrate to and unite with the polar nuclei, producing a diploid endosperm. |
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28 | |
Which of the following is the correct sequence for the pollen tube to eventually reach the egg in a flowering plant? |
| | A) | stigma, style, ovary, ovule |
| | B) | stigma, ovary, ovule, style |
| | C) | style, stigma, ovary, ovule |
| | D) | ovary, ovule, stigma, style |
| | E) | ovule, ovary, style, stigma |
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29 | |
Which of the following is NOT part of a seed produced by a flowering plant? |
| | A) | embryo |
| | B) | endosperm |
| | C) | seed coat |
| | D) | ovary |
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30 | |
Which part of a flower protects seeds and sometimes aids in the dispersal of seeds? |
| | A) | stems |
| | B) | petals |
| | C) | fruits |
| | D) | stamens |
| | E) | pistils |
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31 | |
Which of the following provides nutrient molecules for the growing embryo? |
| | A) | cotyledons and endosperm |
| | B) | epicotyl and hypocotyl |
| | C) | radical |
| | D) | ovary |
| | E) | pistil |
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32 | |
Which of the following lies below the attachment of the cotyledons and becomes a portion of the stem? |
| | A) | endosperm |
| | B) | epicotyl |
| | C) | hypocotyl |
| | D) | plumule |
| | E) | radicle |
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33 | |
The ______ is the embryonic root at the lower end of the hypocotyl. |
| | A) | endosperm |
| | B) | epicotyl |
| | C) | cotyledon |
| | D) | plumule |
| | E) | radicle |
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34 | |
Upon germination, the ______ of an embryo will give rise to the leaves. |
| | A) | hypocotyl |
| | B) | epicotyl |
| | C) | cotyledon |
| | D) | endosperm |
| | E) | radicle |
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35 | |
Microspores are produced in the ______ . |
| | A) | stigma |
| | B) | style |
| | C) | filament |
| | D) | anthers |
| | E) | ovary |
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36 | |
The structure of a pollen grain does NOT vary between plant species. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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37 | |
Which of the following is the correct sequence? |
| | A) | fertilization, pollination, germination |
| | B) | fertilization, germination, pollination |
| | C) | pollination, fertilization, germination |
| | D) | pollination, germination, fertilization |
| | E) | germination, fertilization, pollination |
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38 | |
Pollinators help bring the sperm and egg together in flowering plants so that growth can occur. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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39 | |
After fertilization, the fertilized ______ becomes the seed and the ______ becomes the fruit of the plant. |
| | A) | ovule, ovary |
| | B) | ovary, ovule |
| | C) | stamen, pistil |
| | D) | pistil, stamen |
| | E) | microspore, megaspore |
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40 | |
Following fertilization, the zygote develops into an embryo located within a seed. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | |
To a botanist, peas and beans are classified as fruits and not as vegetables. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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42 | |
Plants that have one cotyledon are called monocots. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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43 | |
Each type of food is associated with a particular organ of a flowering plant. Wheat, rice, corn, and apple are the ______ . |
| | A) | petioles |
| | B) | stems |
| | C) | roots |
| | D) | fruits |
| | E) | leaves |
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44 | |
Each type of food is associated with a particular organ of a flowering plant. Pea, navy bean, lima bean, nuts, and coffee beans are the ______ . |
| | A) | petioles |
| | B) | stems |
| | C) | root |
| | D) | fruits |
| | E) | leaves |
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45 | |
In ______ , a portion of one plant gives rise to a completely new plant. |
| | A) | alternation of generations |
| | B) | bolting |
| | C) | conjugation |
| | D) | vegetative propagation |
| | E) | sexual reproduction |
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46 | |
Strawberry plants can reproduce asexually by forming ______ . |
| | A) | stolons |
| | B) | rhizomes |
| | C) | "eyes" |
| | D) | microspores |
| | E) | megaspores |
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47 | |
______ are plant cells that have been chemically stripped of their outer cell wall. |
| | A) | Guard cells |
| | B) | Sieve-tube cells |
| | C) | Phytochromes |
| | D) | Protoplasts |
| | E) | Endosperms |
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48 | |
Which method is used to develop clonal plants? |
| | A) | meristem culture |
| | B) | cell suspension cultures |
| | C) | vegetative propagation |
| | D) | stem cuttings |
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49 | |
Flowering plants can reproduce only sexually. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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50 | |
In both vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction in flowering plants, the original and the new plants have identical genes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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