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1 | |
Which level of organization consists of specialized cells of the same type joined together? |
| | A) | molecule |
| | B) | tissue |
| | C) | organ |
| | D) | organ systems |
| | E) | organism |
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2 | |
Which type of tissue is used to cover body surfaces and line body cavities? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
| | E) | membranous tissue |
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3 | |
Which type of tissue moves body parts? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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4 | |
Which type of tissue is used to conduct impulses from one body part to another? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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5 | |
Which type of tissue protects the body from injury and drying out? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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6 | |
Which type of tissue may be composed of squamous cells, cuboidal cells, and/or columnar cells? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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7 | |
What is the name of the minute cellular extensions found in kidney tubules and the intestine? |
| | A) | villi |
| | B) | microvilli |
| | C) | cilia |
| | D) | actin fibers |
| | E) | collagenous fibers |
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8 | |
If epithelial tissue has a single layer of cells, it is called ____. |
| | A) | stratified |
| | B) | pseudostratified |
| | C) | compound |
| | D) | complex |
| | E) | simple |
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9 | |
Which of the following tissues do NOT have all of their cells touching a basement membrane? |
| | A) | simple squamous epithelium |
| | B) | simple cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | simple columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
| | E) | stratified squamous epithelium |
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10 | |
What joins the epithelium to the underlying connective tissue? |
| | A) | tight junction |
| | B) | desmosome |
| | C) | gap junction |
| | D) | microvilli |
| | E) | basement membrane |
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11 | |
Glands that secrete their product into ducts are called _____ glands. |
| | A) | endocrine |
| | B) | exocrine |
| | C) | cuboidal |
| | D) | columnar |
| | E) | squamosal |
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12 | |
Which of the following is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland? |
| | A) | sweat gland |
| | B) | salivary gland |
| | C) | pancreas |
| | D) | pituitary |
| | E) | thyroid gland |
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13 | |
Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the air sacs of the lungs and the walls of the capillaries? |
| | A) | squamous epithelium |
| | B) | cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
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14 | |
Which type of epithelial tissue lines the kidney tubules? |
| | A) | squamous epithelium |
| | B) | cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
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15 | |
Which type of epithelial tissue lines the respiratory tract? |
| | A) | squamous epithelium |
| | B) | cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
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16 | |
Which type of epithelial tissue lines the oviducts? |
| | A) | simple squamous epithelium |
| | B) | simple cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | ciliated columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
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17 | |
Which type of epithelium functions to move mucus as well as to secrete substances? |
| | A) | simple squamous epithelium |
| | B) | simple cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | epidermal epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
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18 | |
Which type of epithelium has cells that resemble pillars or columns? |
| | A) | squamous epithelium |
| | B) | cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | columnar epithelium |
| | D) | epidermal epithelium |
| | E) | stratified squamous |
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19 | |
Which type of epithelium has a layer of flattened cells? |
| | A) | squamous epithelium |
| | B) | cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | columnar epithelium |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
| | E) | stratified squamous |
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20 | |
Which type of cell will produce mucus? |
| | A) | columnar cell |
| | B) | squamous cell |
| | C) | cuboidal cell |
| | D) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar cell |
| | E) | goblet cell |
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21 | |
Which type of tissue will have the functions of protection, diffusion, and filtration? |
| | A) | endocrine |
| | B) | epithelium |
| | C) | muscular |
| | D) | bone |
| | E) | nervous |
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22 | |
A gland can be a single epithelial cell or a group of many cells. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
An endocrine gland releases its product directly into a duct. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Which type of junction will allow ions, sugars, and other small molecules to pass between the two cells? |
| | A) | tight junctions |
| | B) | adhesion junctions (desmosomes) |
| | C) | gap junctions |
| | D) | canaliculi |
| | E) | basement membrane |
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25 | |
Which type of junction forms an impermeable barrier because adjacent cell membrane proteins actually join, producing a zipperlike fastening? |
| | A) | tight junctions |
| | B) | adhesion junctions (desmosomes) |
| | C) | gap junctions |
| | D) | canaliculi |
| | E) | basement membrane |
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26 | |
Which type of junction uses buttonlike thickenings held together by intercellular filaments? |
| | A) | tight junctions |
| | B) | adhesion junctions (desmosomes) |
| | C) | gap junctions |
| | D) | canaliculi |
| | E) | basement membrane |
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27 | |
Which types of junction will be found in heart and smooth muscle to ensure synchronized contraction? |
| | A) | tight junctions |
| | B) | adhesion junctions (desmosomes) |
| | C) | gap junctions |
| | D) | canaliculi |
| | E) | basement membrane |
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28 | |
Which type of tissue binds organs together, provides support and protection, insulates, stores fat, and produces blood cells? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscle tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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29 | |
Which type of tissue will have cells widely separated by a noncellular material? |
| | A) | nervous tissue |
| | B) | muscular tissue |
| | C) | connective tissue |
| | D) | epithelial tissue |
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30 | |
After microscopic examination, an unknown tissue was found to have numerous white and yellow fibers. What is your diagnosis as to this type of tissue? |
| | A) | simple squamous epithelium |
| | B) | smooth muscle tissue |
| | C) | elastic cartilage |
| | D) | adipose tissue |
| | E) | reticular fibers |
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31 | |
Fibroblasts are packed densely together to form a solid matrix. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | |
Ligaments connect bones to other bones at joints. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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33 | |
Which type of tissue will be found immediately below the skin and most epithelial layers? |
| | A) | loose connective tissue |
| | B) | adipose tissue |
| | C) | fibrous connective tissue |
| | D) | hyaline cartilage |
| | E) | bone |
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34 | |
The tissue found under the skin to insulate the body with cells that contain a lot of fat is ___. |
| | A) | loose connective tissue |
| | B) | adipose tissue |
| | C) | fibrous connective tissue |
| | D) | hyaline cartilage |
| | E) | stratified squamous epithelium |
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35 | |
Which of the following is NOT correctly paired? |
| | A) | columnar epithelium--lining of intestine |
| | B) | fibrous connective tissue--tendons |
| | C) | elastic cartilage--end of long bones |
| | D) | smooth muscles--walls of intestine |
| | E) | neurons--brain |
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36 | |
Which type of connective tissue is found in tendons? |
| | A) | loose connective tissue |
| | B) | fibrous connective tissue |
| | C) | hyaline cartilage tissue |
| | D) | elastic cartilage tissue |
| | E) | compact bone tissue |
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37 | |
Hyaline cartilage is classified as ____ tissue. |
| | A) | nervous |
| | B) | muscle |
| | C) | connective |
| | D) | epithelial |
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38 | |
A particular tissue was discovered to have cells that lie in small chambers, separated by a matrix that is solid yet flexible, and fibers that could be stretched while still being able to return to their original length. Name this tissue. |
| | A) | compact bone |
| | B) | spongy bone |
| | C) | hyaline cartilage |
| | D) | elastic cartilage |
| | E) | fibrous tissue |
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39 | |
Which type of connective tissue has a matrix that has a white translucent (milk glass) appearance and is found in the nose and at the ends of long bones? |
| | A) | fibrocartilage |
| | B) | elastic cartilage |
| | C) | hyaline cartilage |
| | D) | spongy bone |
| | E) | compact bone |
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40 | |
Name the type of tissue that lacks a direct blood supply, heals very slowly, and has cells that lie in lacunae. |
| | A) | bone |
| | B) | cartilage |
| | C) | fibrous connective tissue |
| | D) | adipose tissue |
| | E) | epithelial tissue |
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41 | |
In compact bone, ____ are located in lacunae arranged in concentric circles. |
| | A) | fibroblasts |
| | B) | chondrocytes |
| | C) | osteocytes |
| | D) | erythrocytes |
| | E) | neurons |
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42 | |
Which type of tissue has a rigid matrix of calcium salts deposited around protein fibers, has lacunae containing osteocytes arranged in concentric circles, and is found along the shaft of a long bone? |
| | A) | hyaline cartilage |
| | B) | elastic cartilage |
| | C) | fibrocartilage |
| | D) | compact bone |
| | E) | spongy bone |
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43 | |
Which part in compact bone consists of a central canal surrounded by rings of hard matrix? |
| | A) | osteons (Haversian systems) |
| | B) | lacunae |
| | C) | canaliculi |
| | D) | osteocytes |
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44 | |
Spongy bone, found at the ends of a long bone, contains numerous bony bars and plates, separated by irregular spaces. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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45 | |
Which type of connective tissue has an intercellular matrix that is NOT made by the cells? |
| | A) | blood |
| | B) | compact bone |
| | C) | hyaline cartilage |
| | D) | fibrous connective tissue |
| | E) | loose connective tissue |
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46 | |
Which of the following cells are used to carry oxygen? |
| | A) | osteocytes |
| | B) | platelets |
| | C) | white blood cells (leukocytes) |
| | D) | red blood cells (erythrocytes) |
| | E) | neurons |
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47 | |
Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct? |
| | A) | white blood cells (leukocytes)--carry oxygen |
| | B) | platelets--blood clotting |
| | C) | skeletal muscle--moves body parts |
| | D) | cardiac muscle--pumps blood |
| | E) | smooth muscle--moves food |
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48 | |
Actin and myosin filaments are found in ____ tissue. |
| | A) | epithelial |
| | B) | connective |
| | C) | muscle |
| | D) | nervous |
| | E) | blood |
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49 | |
Which of the following tissues is attached by tendons to bone and has cells with multiple nuclei and striations? |
| | A) | tendons |
| | B) | ligaments |
| | C) | cardiac muscle |
| | D) | smooth muscle |
| | E) | skeletal muscle |
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50 | |
Which tissue has the following characteristics: spindle-shaped cells, involuntary, no striations, and found in the viscera? |
| | A) | tendons |
| | B) | ligaments |
| | C) | cardiac muscle |
| | D) | smooth muscle |
| | E) | skeletal muscle |
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51 | |
Which of the following characteristics is NOT correct about cardiac muscle? |
| | A) | found only in the wall of the heart |
| | B) | has striations |
| | C) | single, centrally placed nucleus; cells branch |
| | D) | cells bound end to end at intercalated disks |
| | E) | under voluntary control |
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52 | |
Neuroglial cells only support, protect, and nourish neurons and are not involved in communication. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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53 | |
A _____ is a specialized conducting cell with a dendrite, cell body and axon. |
| | A) | osteon |
| | B) | nerve |
| | C) | neuron |
| | D) | neuroglial cell |
| | E) | leukocyte |
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54 | |
When axons outside the brain are bound by connective tissue, they are called ____. |
| | A) | axons |
| | B) | dendrites |
| | C) | nerves |
| | D) | neurons |
| | E) | neuroglial cells |
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55 | |
A serous membrane secretes mucus. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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56 | |
The abdominal cavity will contain all of the following organs except the ____. |
| | A) | kidneys |
| | B) | urinary bladder |
| | C) | liver |
| | D) | pancreas |
| | E) | lungs |
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57 | |
At the organ level, the term membrane generally refers to a thin lining or covering composed of an epithelium that overlies a layer of ____. |
| | A) | smooth muscle |
| | B) | skeletal muscle |
| | C) | nerve |
| | D) | loose connective tissue |
| | E) | fibrous connective tissue |
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58 | |
The internal organs of the human body develop within a body cavity called the ____. |
| | A) | thoracic cavity |
| | B) | abdominal cavity |
| | C) | coelom |
| | D) | phloem |
| | E) | integumentary system |
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59 | |
A(An) ____ membrane lines the thoracic cavity and covers the heart and lungs. |
| | A) | mucous |
| | B) | serous |
| | C) | synovial |
| | D) | epithelial tissue |
| | E) | connective tissue |
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60 | |
Various types of organs are arranged into a(n) ____. |
| | A) | cell |
| | B) | tissue |
| | C) | organelle |
| | D) | organ system |
| | E) | organism |
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61 | |
The esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine all work together to carry out the process of digestion of food. As a unit, these structures are termed (the) ____. |
| | A) | digestive system |
| | B) | urinary system |
| | C) | tissues |
| | D) | organs |
| | E) | cell |
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62 | |
Which of the following organ systems functions to exchange gases with the environment? |
| | A) | cardiovascular system |
| | B) | excretory system |
| | C) | respiratory system |
| | D) | digestive system |
| | E) | hormonal system |
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63 | |
The structure and function of an organ system is NOT dependent upon the structure and function of the tissues and cells therein. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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64 | |
Which system of the body is specialized for locomotion? |
| | A) | reproductive system |
| | B) | digestive system |
| | C) | cardiovascular system |
| | D) | nervous and sensory system |
| | E) | musculoskeletal system |
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65 | |
Which of the following organs protect underlying parts from physical trauma, microbes, and water loss and help regulate body temperature? |
| | A) | muscle |
| | B) | skin |
| | C) | kidney |
| | D) | small intestine |
| | E) | lungs |
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66 | |
Which of the following statements about skin is NOT correct? |
| | A) | Skin is composed only of the epidermis. |
| | B) | Newly formed cells, produced by the basal layer, push to the surface of the skin. |
| | C) | Epidermal cells harden due to the production of keratin, a waterproof protein. |
| | D) | Specialized cells in the epidermis called melanocytes produce melanin. |
| | E) | The dermis contains hair follicles, oil and sweat glands, sense receptors, and the arrector pili muscle. |
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67 | |
What pigment is responsible for skin color? |
| | A) | biliverdin |
| | B) | keratin |
| | C) | hemoglobin |
| | D) | melanin |
| | E) | myoglobin |
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68 | |
Which structure in the dermis is responsible for goose bumps when we are scared or cold? |
| | A) | sudoriferous glands |
| | B) | sebaceous glands |
| | C) | elastic fibers attached to hair follicles |
| | D) | collagenous fibers attached to hair follicles |
| | E) | arrector pili muscle attached to hair follicles |
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69 | |
Which structure in the dermis, when it fails to discharge its secretion, will form "blackheads"? |
| | A) | hair follicle |
| | B) | keratinized epidermis |
| | C) | melanocytes |
| | D) | sebaceous gland |
| | E) | sudoriferous gland |
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70 | |
Which of the following associations is NOT correct? |
| | A) | sebaceous glands--sebum |
| | B) | sudoriferous gland--oil |
| | C) | arrector pili muscle--goose bumps |
| | D) | melanocytes--melanin |
| | E) | subcutaneous layer--adipose tissue |
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71 | |
A person turns "blue" when blood flow is ____. |
| | A) | increased in the dermis layer |
| | B) | reduced in the dermis layer |
| | C) | increased in the epidermis layer |
| | D) | reduced in the epidermis layer |
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72 | |
Which of the following layers helps to insulate the body from either gaining heat from the outside or losing heat from the inside? |
| | A) | epidermis |
| | B) | dermis |
| | C) | subcutaneous |
| | D) | muscle |
| | E) | liver |
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73 | |
The dangerous skin cancer that has a dark pigmented spot is ____. |
| | A) | melanoma |
| | B) | basal cell carcinoma |
| | C) | squamous cell carcinoma |
| | D) | prostatic cancer |
| | E) | ovarian cancer |
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74 | |
Cells are surrounded by tissue fluid, which is continually refreshed because oxygen and nutrient molecules constantly enter it and waste molecules continually leave it to enter the bloodstream. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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75 | |
The term "environment" can refer to both the external and the internal environment of the body. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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76 | |
Tissue fluid remains constant only as long as blood composition remains constant. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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77 | |
During negative feedback control, the response increases the stimulus that brought about the response. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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78 | |
Which of the following is NOT an example of homeostasis? |
| | A) | Glucose concentration of blood remains at about 0.1%. |
| | B) | The pH of blood is always near 7.4. |
| | C) | Blood pressure in the brachial artery averages near 120/80. |
| | D) | Blood temperature averages around 37°C. |
| | E) | In the kidneys, the amount of urine formed each day is constant, no matter how much fluid is taken in or lost by the body. |
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79 | |
Which fluid within the body surrounds the cells so as to maintain homeostasis? |
| | A) | tissue fluid |
| | B) | organ fluid |
| | C) | synovial fluid |
| | D) | plasma within blood |
| | E) | cytoplasm |
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80 | |
The chief regulators of blood composition are the ____. |
| | A) | heart and the lungs |
| | B) | pancreas and small intestine |
| | C) | liver and the kidneys |
| | D) | pituitary and adrenal glands |
| | E) | brain and the spinal cord |
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81 | |
Which of the following stores glucose as glycogen and removes toxic chemicals such as ingested alcohol, drugs, and cellular wastes from blood? |
| | A) | kidneys |
| | B) | liver |
| | C) | pancreas |
| | D) | lungs |
| | E) | small intestine |
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82 | |
Only the digestive and cardiovascular systems of the body contribute to homeostasis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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83 | |
During homeostasis, the internal environment of the body changes to match or align with the conditions in the external environment. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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84 | |
Homeostasis is ultimately controlled by (the) ____. |
| | A) | nervous and endocrine systems |
| | B) | brain alone |
| | C) | muscles |
| | D) | heart |
| | E) | kidneys |
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