Concepts | Questions | Media Resources |
15.1 Respiratory Tract
Air passes through a series of tubes before gas exchange takes place across a very extensive moist surface. | 1. Why is it better to breathe through the nose than through the mouth? Answer2. Why do the alveoli of the lungs remain open, instead of collapsing like a deflated balloon, after exhalation? Answer | Essential Study Partner Gas Exchange Systems Respiratory Overview Respiratory OrgansGeneral Biology Weblinks Anatomy & Physiology Labeling Exercises The Human Respiratory Tract (38.0K) The Respiratory Tract - Alveoli (40.0K) The Upper Respiratory Tract (1) (35.0K) The Upper Respiratory Tract (2) (34.0K) Section of Larynx (45.0K) Glottis Function (35.0K)
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15.2 Mechanism of Breathing
Respiration comprises breathing, external and internal respiration, and cellular respiration.During inspiration, the pressure in the lungs decreases, and air comes rushing in. During expiration, increased pressure in the thoracic cavity causes air to leave the lungs. |
3. Why does residual volume increase instead of decrease in individuals with certain lung diseases? Answer
4. Explain what is meant by the phrase "humans breathe by negative pressure." Answer | Essential Study Partner Human Breathing Mechanics of Ventilation Measuring Function Control of RespirationAnimation Quizzes Breathing Respiration |
15.3 Gas Exchanges in the Body
External respiration occurs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.Internal respiration occurs in the tissues where oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood.The respiratory pigment hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and aids in the transport of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. | 5. Differentiate between external respiration and internal respiration. Answer 6. What conditions lead to the higher saturation of hemoglobin with O2 in the lungs compared to hemoglobin saturation in tissues? Answer | Essential Study Partner Gas Exchange Gas TransportAnimation Quizzes Hemoglobin Gas ExchangeCase Study Breathing Liquids: Reality or Science Fiction? |
15.4 Respiration and Health The respiratory tract is especially subject to disease because it is exposed to infectious agents.Smoking tobacco contributes to three major lung disorders - chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and cancer. | 7. Of the lower respiratory disorders discussed in this chapter, which disorders are linked with tobacco smoke? Answer | Essential Study Partner Disorders AsthmaAnimation Quizzes Bronchoscopy Smoking Risks AsthmaLabeling Exercise Bronchial and Pulmonary Disorders (39.0K)Case Studies Smoking Ban Asthma: The New Worldwide Epidemic |