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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

A/An ______ is used to introduce recombinant DNA into cells.
A)clone
B)PCR machine
C)probe
D)vector
E)antisense molecule
2

______ are small accessory rings of DNA found in bacteria.
A)Plasmids
B)Probes
C)Restriction enzymes
D)GEMs (genetically engineered microbes)
E)Organoids
3

________ is used to produce gene copies in a test tube.
A)Exons and introns
B)Antisense DNA
C)Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D)Ex vivo therapy
E)Angiogenesis
4

Making recombinant DNA is a process requiring __________.
A)restriction enzyme
B)DNA ligase
C)a vector
D)foreign DNA
E)all of the above
5

______ enzymes cut a DNA molecule into discrete pieces at a distinct cleavage site.
A)DNA ligase
B)Restriction
C)Vector
D)Polymerase
E)Antisense
6

______ seal(s) any breaks in a DNA molecule.
A)Restriction enzymes
B)Polymerase
C)DNA probes
D)Plasmids
E)DNA ligase
7

Transgenic bacteria can produce proteins they never produced before.
A)True
B)False
8

Biotechnology products include __________.
A)insulin
B)human vaccines
C)human growth hormones and clotting factors
D)plants resistant to pests
E)all of the above
9

Biotechnology can produce insulin and growth hormones in quantity from bacteria without harvesting the glands of animals or humans.
A)True
B)False
10

PCR takes its name from DNA ______.
A)primer-copying ribosomes
B)probe complement reaction
C)protein complement reaction
D)DNA polymerase chain reaction
E)production of copies by restriction enzymes
11

PCR provides more copies of a gene than cloning.
A)True
B)False
12

A critical breakthrough that made automated PCR possible was ______.
A)the discovery that bacteria did not use codons
B)a method to convert exons into introns
C)the discovery of a temperature-insensitive stable DNA polymerase in a hot springs bacterium
D)the use of atomic energy to produce the chain reaction
E)smaller test tubes
13

DNA polymerase needs primers to start the replication process.
A)True
B)False
14

PCR can create millions of copies of a single gene in a test tube.
A)True
B)False
15

As a result of cloning __________.
A)multiple copies of a gene may be secured
B)the gene product may be retrieved
C)both multiple genes and gene products are produced
16

A single gene can be copied using PCR.
A)True
B)False
17

When the genome is treated with restriction enzymes, it produces a collection of different-sized sections that can be separated by __________________.
A)PCR
B)restriction enzymes
C)gel electrophoresis
D)cloning
18

Biotechnology medical products include _______.
A)insulin
B)growth hormone
C)tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)
D)hepatitis B vaccine
E)all of the above
19

DNA fingerprinting can only be used on cells from living specimens. Responses:
A)True
B)False
20

Transgenic organisms are organisms __________.
A)created completely in the laboratory
B)with a foreign gene inserted in them
C)crossed by the reproduction of animals of two different species
D)suffering from defective genes
E)with their original genes removed and all new foreign genes inserted in them
21

Bioengineered bacteria can be used to promote the health of plants.
A)True
B)False
22

Genetic engineering can improve the ability of oil-eating bacteria.
A)True
B)False
23

Bacteria can be bioengineered to produce phenylalanine.
A)True
B)False
24

Bacteria are being used to "mine" various metals from the ground when the metal is in very low amounts.
A)True
B)False
25

Organisms that receive DNA from sources outside their natural species are called _______.
A)plasmids
B)transgenic
C)organoids
D)clones
E)vectors
26

Bioengineered bacteria __________.
A)clean up pollutants
B)make gene products in huge vats called bioreactors
C)process minerals and produce chemicals
D)provide plants with insect toxins from other organisms
E)do all of the above
27

Bioengineering can alter the phenotype of plants and animals.
A)True
B)False
28

Because animal cells will not take up bacterial plasmids, they cannot be genetically engineered.
A)True
B)False
29

New biotechnology applications, such as corn resistant to insects, are breakthroughs that have been proven to pose no ecological dangers.
A)True
B)False
30

Gene therapy is a theoretical idea for replacing defective genes with healthy ones but it has not yet been used.
A)True
B)False
31

A/an ______ is used as a vector to carry normal genes into the cells of a patient where they become incorporated into the genome.
A)antisense molecule
B)plasmid
C)retrovirus
D)GEM (genetically engineered microbe)
E)DNA probe
32

When research or medical procedures are done in an organism or patient rather than in tissue culture or test tube, it is called _________.
A)genetic
B)realistic
C)in vitro
D)in vivo
E)malignant





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