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6.1 Cells and the Flow of Energy
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another.

The second law of thermodynamics states that when energy is changed from one form to another there is always a loss of usable energy in the form of heat.		 1. Is the conversion of energy from one form to another 100% efficient? Explain.
Answer

2. What is entropy and how do energy transformations in cells increase entropy?
Answer		Essential Study Partner
Thermodynamics

Explorations
Cell Chemistry: Thermodynamics
6.2 Metabolic Reactions and Energy Transformations
In cells the breakdown of ATP, which releases energy, can be coupled to reactions that require an input of energy.

ATP goes through a cycle: energy from glucose breakdown drives ATP synthesis and then ATP breakdown provides energy for cellular work.		 3. Why are reactions sometimes coupled?
Answer

4. What are three uses of energy from ATP in the cell?
Answer		Essential Study Partner
Coupled Reactions
ATP

Art Quiz
Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions
6.3 Metabolic Pathways and Enzymes
Cells have metabolic pathways in which every reaction has a specific enzyme.

Enzymes speed reactions because they have an active site where a specific reaction occurs.

Environmental factors like temperature and pH affect the activity of enzymes.

Inhibition of enzymes is a common way for cells to control enzyme activity.

Cofactors sometimes assist enzymes when chemical reactions occur in cells.		 5. What are enzymes and how to they help chemical reactions proceed?
Answer

6. List several factors that affect enzyme speed.
Answer		Essential Study Partner
Enzymes
Pathways

Art Quiz
Enzyme Catalytic Cycle
A Biochemical Pathway
Feedback Inhibition

Animation Quizzes
Catalysis
Feedback Inhibition

Study Guide
Enzymes

Explorations
Enzymes in Action: Kinetics
6.4 Oxidation-Reduction and the Flow of Energy
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are redox pathways that allow a flow of energy through all living things.		 7. Why is photosynthesis called a redox pathway?
Answer

Study Guide
Oxydation-Reduction Reactions





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