 |
1 | |
| |
A __________applies to any argument in which the conclusion may not necessarily be true although the evidence sounds reasonable.
|
|
|
2 | |
| |
This fallacy, also known as argumentum ad hominem, involves an attempt to discredit an argument by attacking the person making it.
|
|
|
3 | |
| |
This fallacy is also called "black-and-white thinking" because only two choices are given. You are either for something or against it; there is no middle ground or shades of gray. People who exhibit this type of thinking have a "bumper sticker" mentality. When we polarize issues, we make it more difficult to find a common ground.
|
|
|
4 | |
| |
In this fallacy, the conclusion is based on a sample that is too small.
|
|
|
5 | |
| |
The __________ of an argument are the reasons or evidence that the author presents to support the conclusion.
|
|
|
6 | |
| |
A(n) __________is an illustration that shows similarities and differences between topics.
|
|
|
7 | |
| |
_________are ways of arguing or reasoning that may seem to make sense but actually do not. They often seek to manipulate by appealing to emotion.
|
|
|
8 | |
| |
This fallacy occurs when you assume as true what you are trying to prove. It is something that reasonable people disagree about.
|
|
|
9 | |
| |
When an author makes an argument, it's the __________ that the author is trying to persuade the reader to accept as true. The premises and assumptions in an argument are there to support this.
|
|
|
10 | |
| |
This fallacy involves directing attention away from a debatable point to one that most people will quickly agree with. This kind of argument is meant to distract from the issue at hand.
|
|
|
11 | |
| |
In the fallacy of __________, the conclusion is a restatement of facts presented in the first part of the argument.
|
|
|
12 | |
| |
In this fallacy, two things that may not really be similar are portrayed as being similar. Most of the time, there is simply not enough evidence available to support the comparison.
|
|
|
13 | |
| |
The Latin meaning, "after this, therefore because of this," suggests that because B follows A, A must cause B. Just because two events or two sets of data are sequential does not necessarily mean that one caused the other to happen.
|
|
|
14 | |
| |
This fallacy, also known as argumentum ad populum, seeks to win agreement by making an appeal to common prejudices, values, and emotions. It does not rely on facts or reasoning. A common form of this is an appeal to patriotism. At its extreme, this fallacy relies on "mob appeal."
|
|
|
15 | |
| |
This fallacy assumes that taking a first step down a path will lead to later steps that are unavoidable. If we let X happen, the next thing you know Y will be happening.
|
|
|
16 | |
| |
A(n) __________ is a claim that is supported by reasons or evidence. The author tries to persuade the reader that something is true or correct by presenting supporting reasons or evidence.
|
|
|
17 | |
| |
The __________ of an argument support the conclusion but are not stated in the argument. These tie the premises to the conclusions. They are claims that lie in the background of the argument that make the argument work.
|
|
.