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Drugs Appendix
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Drugs Appendix

 

Drugs

Often Prescribed Brand Names

Medical Uses

Potential Physical Dependence

Potential Psychological Dependence

Tolerance

Duration of Effects (in hours)

Usual Methods of Administration

Possible Effects

Effects of Overdose

Withdrawal Syndrome

 

Narcotics

Opium

Dover’s Powder, Paregoric

Analgesic, antidiarrheal

High

High

Yes

3-6

Oral, smoked

Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea

Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death

Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, chills

Morphine

Morphine

Analgesic

High

High

Yes

3-6

Injected, smoked

Codeine

Codeine

Analgesic, antitussive

Moderate

Moderate

Yes

3-6

Oral, injected

Heroin

None

None

High

High

Yes

3-6

Injected, sniffed

Meperidine (Pethidine)

Demerol, Pethadol

Analgesic

High

High

Yes

3-6

Oral, injected

Methadone

Dolophine, Methadone, Methadose

Analgesic, heroin substitute

High

High

12-24

3-6

Oral, injected

Other Narcotics

Dilaudid, Leritine, Numorphan, Percodan

Analgesic, antidiarrheal, antitussive

High

High

Yes

3-6

Oral, injected

Chloral Hydrate

Noctec, Somnos

Hypnotic

Moderate

Moderate

Probable

5-8

Oral

 

Depressants

Barbiturates

Amytal, Butisol, Nembutal, Phenobarbitol, Seconal, Tuinal

Anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedation, sleep

High

High

Yes

1-16

Oral, injected

Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol

Shallow respiration, cold and clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death

Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death

Glutethimide

Doriden

Sedation, sleep

High

High

Yes

4-8

Oral

Methaqualone

Optimil, Parest, Quaalude, Somnafac, Sopor

Sedation, sleep

High

High

Yes

4-8

Oral

Tranquilizers

Equanil, Librium, Miltown Serax, Tranxene, Valium

Antianxiety, muscle relaxant, sedation

Moderate

Moderate

Yes

4-8

Oral

Other Depressants

Clonopin, Dalmane, Dormate, Noludar, Placydil, Valmid

Antianxiety, sedation, sleep

Probable

Probable

Yes

4-8

Oral

 

Stimulants

Cocaine*

Cocaine

Local Anesthetic

Possible

High

Yes

2

Injected, sniffed

Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, dilated pupils, increased pulse rate and blood pressure, insomnia loss of appetite

Agitation, increased body temperature hallucinations, convulsions, possible death

Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation

Ampehtamines

Benzedrine, Biphetamine, Desoxyn, Dexedrine

Hyperkenesis, narcolepsy, weight control

Possible

High

Yes

2-4

Oral, injected

Phenmetrazine

Preludin

Weight Control

Possible

High

Yes

2-4

Oral

Methylphenidate

Ritalin

Hyperkenisis

Possible

High

Yes

2-4

Oral

Other Stimulants

Bacarate, Cylert, Didrex, Ionamin, Plegine, Pondimin, Pro-Sate, Sanorex, Voranil

Weight Control

Possible

Possible

Yes

2-4

Oral

 

Hallucinogens

LSD

None

None

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral

Illusions and hallucinations (with the exception of MDA) poor perception of time and distance

Longer more intense "trip" episodes psychosis, possible death

Withdrawal syndrome not reported

Mescaline

None

None

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral, injected

Psilocybin-Psilocyn

None

None

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral

MDA

None

None

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral, injected, sniffed

PCP**

Sernylan

Vetrinary anesthetic

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral, injected, smoked

Other Hallucinogens

None

None

None

Degree Unknown

Yes

Variable

Oral, injected, sniffed

 

Cannabis

Marijuana, Hashish, Hashish Oil

None

Glaucoma

Degree Unknown

Moderate

Yes

2-4

Oral, smoked

Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disoriented behavior

Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis

Insomnia, hyperactivity, and decreased appetite reported in a limited number of individuals

Source: Data from Drugs of Abuse, produced by the Affairs on Cooperation with the Office of Public Science and Technology.

* Designated a narcotic under the Controlled Substances Act.

** Designated a depressant under the Controlled Substances Act.







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