| bullwhip effect | inventories are progressively larger moving backwards through a supply chain.
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| cross-docking | goods arriving at a warehouse from a supplier are unloaded from the supplier's truck and loaded onto outbound trucks, thereby warehouse storage.
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| delayed differentiation | production of standard components and subassemblies, which are held until late in the process to add differentiating features.
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| disintermediation | reducing one or more steps in a supply chain by cutting out one or more intermediaries.
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| distribution requirements planning (DRP) | a system for inventory management and distribution planning.
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| e-commerce | the use of electronic technology, including the internet, to facilitate business transactions.
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| efficient consumer response (ECR) | a quick response initiative using bar codes and EDI specific to the food industry.
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| electronic data interchange | the direct transmission of interorganizational transactions, computer-to-computer, including purchase orders, shipping notices, and debit and credit memos.
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| fill rate | the fraction of demand that is met from stock.
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| information velocity | the speed at which information is transferred within a supply chain; faster is better.
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| inventory velocity | the rate at which inventory or material goes through the supply chain; faster is better.
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| logistics | the movement of materials and information within a facility and the incoming and outgoing shipments of goods and materials.
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| outsourcing | buying goods and services instead of producing them in house.
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| strategic partnering | two or more business organizations that have complementary products or services join so that each may realize a strategic benefit.
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| supply chain | a sequence of organizations - their facilities, functions, and activities - that are involved in producing and delivering a product or service.
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| Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR) | a standardized measurement of supply chain performance.
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| traffic management | overseeing the shipment of incoming and outgoing goods.
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| value chain | see supply chain.
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