absolute value | The magnitude of a number; the undirected distance from the point named by the number to the origin on the number line. | -4 | = 4; | 3 | = 3.
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additive identity | The number 0.
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additive inverse | The opposite of a number.
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algebraic expression | A meaningful combination of numbers and variables using the ordinary operations of arithmetic.
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associative property of equality | When three or more numbers are added or multiplied, the operation can be performed in any order.
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coefficient | A numeral or letter placed before an algebraic expression to indicate that the expression is to be multiplied by that factor.
In 3x, "3" is the coefficient of x.
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commutative property of equality | The order in which two numbers are added or multiplied does not change the sum or product.
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counting numbers | The numbers used for counting.
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degree of a term | For a term with one variable, the degree is the value of the variable's exponent. For a term with two or more variables, the degree is the sum of the value of the exponents for all variables.
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distributive property | Multiplication by a factor may be distributed over two or more addends.
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equation | A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal.
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equivalent equations | Equations that have the same solution.
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exponent | A value that indicates the number of times a base is used as a factor.
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integers | The set of positive and negative whole numbers including zero.
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integral exponent | An exponent that is an integer.
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irrational number | A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of integers.
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like terms | Terms that have the same variables with the same exponents.
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multiplicative identity | The number 1.
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natural numbers | The whole numbers used for counting, not including zero. {1, 2, 3...}
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null set | The empty set (the set containing no elements).
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order of operations | The order in which operations are to be performed in the absence of grouping symbols.
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rational number | A number that can be expressed as a quotient of two integers.
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real numbers | The set of numbers made up of rational and irrational numbers.
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term | An expression containing a number or the product of a number and one or more variables.
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variable | A letter that is used to represent some numbers.
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whole numbers | The numbers in the set {0, 1, 2, 3,...}.
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