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1 | |
The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called |
| | A) | replication. |
| | B) | transcription. |
| | C) | translation. |
| | D) | PCR. |
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2 | |
The transcribing enzyme is |
| | A) | ligase. |
| | B) | DNA polymerase. |
| | C) | RNA polymerase. |
| | D) | amino-acyl transferase. |
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3 | |
Which molecule contains the genetic code? |
| | A) | DNA |
| | B) | mRNA |
| | C) | tRNA |
| | D) | rRNA |
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4 | |
Transcription occurs along a ____ template forming an mRNA in the ____ direction. |
| | A) | 5' to 3'; 5' to 3' |
| | B) | 5' to 3'; 3' to 5' |
| | C) | 3' to 5'; 5' to 3' |
| | D) | 3' to 5'; 3' to 5' |
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5 | |
Which of the statements below is false? |
| | A) | The genetic code is overlapping. |
| | B) | The genetic code is universal. |
| | C) | Degenerate codons specify the same amino acids. |
| | D) | The genetic code is triplet. |
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6 | |
The first mRNA codon to specify an amino acid is always |
| | A) | TAC. |
| | B) | UAA. |
| | C) | UAG. |
| | D) | AUG. |
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7 | |
The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain comprises the ____ structure of the protein. |
| | A) | primary |
| | B) | secondary |
| | C) | tertiary |
| | D) | quaternary |
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8 | |
Transfer RNA's bind during translation by the |
| | A) | codon. |
| | B) | anticodon. |
| | C) | template. |
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9 | |
Of the ____ different possible codons, ____ specify amino acids and ____ signal stop. |
| | A) | 20, 17, 3 |
| | B) | 180, 20, 60 |
| | C) | 64, 61, 3 |
| | D) | 61, 60, 1 |
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10 | |
RNA contains which bases? |
| | A) | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil |
| | B) | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
| | C) | thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil |
| | D) | adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil |
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11 | |
Which of the following statements is true regarding introns? |
| | A) | Introns are the parts of mRNA that are translated. |
| | B) | Introns have no function. |
| | C) | In general, human genes have fewer introns than genes of other organisms. |
| | D) | Introns may be involved in exon shuffling. |
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12 | |
Which mode of information transfer usually does not occur? |
| | A) | DNA to DNA |
| | B) | DNA to RNA |
| | C) | DNA to protein |
| | D) | all occur in a working cell |
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13 | |
A geneticist isolates a gene for a specific trait under study. She also isolates the corresponding mRNA. Upon comparison, the mRNA is found to contain 1,000 fewer bases than the DNA sequence. Did the geneticist isolate the wrong DNA? |
| | A) | yes, mRNA is made from a DNA template and should be the same length as the gene sequence |
| | B) | yes, the mRNA should contain more bases than the DNA sequence because bases flanking the gene are also transcribed |
| | C) | no, the final mRNA contains only exons, the introns were removed |
| | D) | no, the mRNA was partially degraded after it was transcribed |
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14 | |
The effort to decipher the genetic code was led by ____ who was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work. |
| | A) | Nirenberg |
| | B) | Lederberg |
| | C) | Watson |
| | D) | Crick |
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15 | |
A DNA strand with the sequence AACGTAACG is transcribed. What is the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized? |
| | A) | AACGTAACG |
| | B) | UUGCAUUGC |
| | C) | AACGUAACG |
| | D) | TTGCATTGC |
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16 | |
What sequence on the template strand of DNA corresponds to the first amino acid inserted into a protein? |
| | A) | TAC |
| | B) | UAA |
| | C) | UAG |
| | D) | AUG |
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17 | |
Which of the following is an example of the degeneracy of the genetic code? |
| | A) | a given amino acid has more than one codon |
| | B) | each codon specifies more than one amino acid |
| | C) | the first two bases specify the amino acid |
| | D) | the genetic code is not degenerate |
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18 | |
Proteomics |
| | A) | is another term for genomics in humans. |
| | B) | is the study of the collection of proteins produced in a particular cell. |
| | C) | is the study of proteins produced by a particular gene. |
| | D) | proves that a single gene codes for only one protein. |
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19 | |
The template strand of DNA for one gene may be the coding strand of DNA for another gene. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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20 | |
Which of the following statements is true regarding transposons? |
| | A) | They are sequences of mRNA that can move around in the genome. |
| | B) | They exist in corn, but are not found in the human genome. |
| | C) | They are the most abundant type of repeat in the genome. |
| | D) | All of the above are true regarding transposons. |
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21 | |
Transcription and translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides would form a protein containing no more than ___ amino acids. |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 15 |
| | C) | 60 |
| | D) | 90 |
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22 | |
During translation, the ____ site within the ribosome hold the growing amino acid chain while the ____ site holds the next amino acid to be added to the chain. |
| | A) | A, P |
| | B) | P, A |
| | C) | A, B |
| | D) | B, A |
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23 | |
The amino acid structure of a polypeptide chain determines its ____ structure. |
| | A) | primary |
| | B) | secondary |
| | C) | tertiary |
| | D) | quaternary |
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24 | |
____ regulate which genes or subsets of genes are transcribed in a particular cell type. |
| | A) | transcription factors |
| | B) | chaperone proteins |
| | C) | RNA polymerases |
| | D) | transcription is not regulated |
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25 | |
An antibiotic interferes with the ability of the ribosome to move. What affect would exposure to this chemical have on a bacterial cell? |
| | A) | protein synthesis will be affected |
| | B) | the protein synthesized will be shorter than normal |
| | C) | the protein synthesized will be longer than normal |
| | D) | no proteins will be produced |
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