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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

Which of the following is not an effect of a mutation?
A)prevents a protein from forming
B)lowers the amount of a protein
C)adds a function to a protein
D)any of the above can occur
2

Two healthy people have a child expressing a genetic condition caused by a dominant allele. What can you conclude about this situation?
A)infidelity- one parent had to contribute the disease allele
B)the parents are not free from the disorder- one must be affected
C)the mutation arose spontaneously in the child
D)the child is not the biological child of the couple described
3

A point mutation that changes a codon specifying an amino acid into a stop codon is called a
A)missense mutation.
B)nonsense mutation.
C)frameshift mutation.
D)deletion mutation.
4

Fragile-X syndrome and Huntington disease are caused by a (an)
A)tandem duplication.
B)fusion gene.
C)expanding triplet repeat.
D)deletion.
5

A ____ mutation originates during meiosis while a ____ mutation originates during mitosis.
A)germinal, somatic
B)germinal, spontaneous
C)somatic, germinal
D)spontaneous, point
6

DNA is repaired by ____ in which a pyrimidine dimer is split.
A)excision repair
B)photoreactivation
C)mismatch repair
D)proofreading repair
7

Changing the codon AGC to AGA represents a ____ mutation.
A)missense
B)nonsense
C)frameshift
D)deletion
8

What is the physical basis of mutational hotspots?
A)transposons
B)tautomers
C)palindromes
D)transitions
9

A ____ mutation affects the phenotype only under certain conditions.
A)spontaneous
B)somatic
C)site-directed
D)conditional
10

A ____ mutation is intentionally caused.
A)spontaneous
B)somatic
C)site-directed
D)conditional
11

Which of the following genetic diseases results from a mutation that prevents a protein from forming?
A)Duchenne muscular dystrophy
B)hemophilia A
C)epidermolysis bullosa
D)Huntington disease
12

Which of the following genetic diseases results from a mutation that lowers the amount of protein produced?
A)Duchenne muscular dystrophy
B)hemophilia A
C)epidermolysis bullosa
D)Huntington disease
13

Which disease is the result of a somatic mutation?
A)retinoblastoma
B)neurofibromatosis
C)Down syndrome
D)Huntington disease
14

A mutation causing an abnormality in presenilin that disrupts amyloid production or function has been associated with
A)cystic fibrosis.
B)Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
C)Marfan syndrome.
D)none of the above.
15

A spontaneous mutation usually originates as an error in
A)DNA replication.
B)DNA transcription.
C)translation.
D)reverse transcription.
16

The ____ gene has one of the highest mutation rates known.
A)Huntington disease
B)Marfan syndrome
C)neurofibromatosis I
D)osteogenesis imperfecta
17

Which of the following defects causes ataxia telangiectasis?
A)deficiency in kinase that controls the cell cycle
B)deficient excision repair
C)deficient mismatch repair
D)inactive ligase that slows replication
18

The codon for leucine is CUC. How many different amino acids could possibly result from single-base substitutions?
A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7
19

A frameshift mutation
A)replaces one amino acid with another.
B)removes part of the protein.
C)introduces a section of amino acids not normally found.
D)joins two different proteins.
20

Which of the following is not a triplet repeat disorder?
A)Fragile X syndrome
B)Huntington disease
C)myotonic dystrophy
D)Duchenne muscular dystrophy
21

A crossover between a working gene and its ____ results in a fusion gene. Some cases of ____ can result from this type of mutation.
A)expanding triplet repeat, myotonic dystrophy
B)transposon, hemophilia
C)pseudogene, Gaucher disease
D)duplicate, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
22

Which characteristic of the genetic code lowers the likelihood of mutation.
A)universality
B)degeneracy
C)triplet
D)non-overlapping nature
23

Which of the following is an example of a conditional mutation?
A)Fragile-X syndrome
B)Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome
C)myotonic dystrophy
D)a prion disorder
24

Fatal familial insomnia is an example of a
A)expanding repeat disorder.
B)deletion mutation.
C)fusion gene.
D)a prion disorder.
25

True or False? A mutation always causes a mutant phenotype.
A)true
B)false
C)cannot be determined





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