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1 | |
Albinism is uncommon in the United States but affects 1/200 Hopi Indians. A contributing factor for this high increase is |
| | A) | nonrandom mating. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | genetic drift. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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2 | |
Assume that "school spirit" is a genetically controlled trait. At your university, the dominant allele for "we are #1!" occurs at a frequency of 1.0. At your rival university, the frequency of this allele is 0.3. In an effort to obtain additional funding for your university, you attempt to increase the frequency of the #1 allele at the rival institution by sending your graduates there to live and raise families. This would be an example of |
| | A) | nonrandom mating. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | genetic drift. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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3 | |
If the small number of individuals sent to the rival institution (those with the #1 allele in Question 2) has larger families than the native individuals, allele frequencies would change as a result of |
| | A) | nonrandom mating. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | genetic drift. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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4 | |
If the small number of individuals sent to the rival institution (those with the #1 allele in Question 2) are isolated from the larger population and mate only among themselves, allele frequencies may change as a result of |
| | A) | nonrandom mating. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | genetic drift. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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5 | |
A classic example of ____ is the Dunker community of Germantown, Pennsylvania. |
| | A) | a population bottleneck. |
| | B) | geographical isolation. |
| | C) | a founder effect |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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6 | |
A ____ occurs when many members of a group die and only a few are left, by chance, to replenish the numbers. |
| | A) | population bottleneck |
| | B) | geographical isolation. |
| | C) | founder effect. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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7 | |
The collection of deleterious alleles in populations is called |
| | A) | genetic drift. |
| | B) | selection. |
| | C) | genetic load. |
| | D) | migration. |
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8 | |
Most mutations do not alter the phenotype. True or false? |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false. |
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9 | |
Some mutations can increase an individual's chance of survival. True or false? |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false. |
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10 | |
Natural selection results in differential survival based on phenotype. True or false? |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false. |
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11 | |
Sickle cell disease illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to |
| | A) | malaria. |
| | B) | spontaneous abortion. |
| | C) | tuberculosis. |
| | D) | diarrheal disease. |
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12 | |
Considering your response to question 11 above, which of the following genotypic classes is susceptible to malaria? |
| | A) | heterozygous normal males. |
| | B) | G6PD males. |
| | C) | homozygous normal males. |
| | D) | two of these |
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13 | |
Deleterious alleles can be maintained in a population when heterozygotes have a reproductive advantage. This situation is described as |
| | A) | inbreeding. |
| | B) | geographical isolation. |
| | C) | a population bottleneck. |
| | D) | a balanced polymorphism. |
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14 | |
Which factor has the least influence on disrupting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? |
| | A) | nonrandom mating. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | mutation |
| | D) | genetic drift. |
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15 | |
Frequencies of different mutations in different populations provide information on the natural history of alleles. True or false? |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false. |
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16 | |
Genetic drift is a random process. True or false? |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false. |
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17 | |
Consanguinity increases the proportion of heterozygotes in the population. True or false? |
| | A) | true. |
| | B) | false |
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18 | |
Different allele frequencies from one geographic area to an adjacent area constitute |
| | A) | founder effects. |
| | B) | bottlenecks. |
| | C) | clines. |
| | D) | balanced polymorphisms. |
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19 | |
Genetic disorders such as Tay-Sachs and Gaucher disease are more common in Ashkenazi Jewish population because |
| | A) | they are a more highly variable group. |
| | B) | mutations occur at a higher rate in this group. |
| | C) | their history includes several population bottlenecks. |
| | D) | selection, mutation, and migration have not occurred. |
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20 | |
Mutational analysis in various populations indicates that PKU originated only once. True or false? |
| | A) | true. |
| | B) | false |
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21 | |
The origin of the mutant gene causing inherited Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease has been traced to a population expelled from ____ in the Middle Ages. |
| | A) | Spain |
| | B) | Bulgaria. |
| | C) | United States. |
| | D) | Britain. |
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22 | |
Worldwide, about 1/3 of all marriages occur between people who were born fewer than ten miles apart. This is an example of |
| | A) | natural selection. |
| | B) | genetic drift. |
| | C) | nonrandom mating. |
| | D) | migration. |
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23 | |
Which form of selection will most effectively remove a recessive disease-causing allele from a population? |
| | A) | selection against a dominant phenotype. |
| | B) | selection against a recessive phenotype. |
| | C) | selection against heterozygotes. |
| | D) | selection against homozygotes. |
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24 | |
For Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to be maintained, mutation must be |
| | A) | occurring at a very low rate. |
| | B) | occurring in some individuals but not others. |
| | C) | absent. |
| | D) | mutation does not play a role in this situation. |
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25 | |
One of the conditions that must be met for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is that organisms must be free to move from population to population. True or false? |
| | A) | true. |
| | B) | false |
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