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1 | |
The fundamental units of life are
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| | A) | genes.
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| | B) | alleles.
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| | C) | chromosomes.
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| | D) | cells.
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2 | |
Organelles called ____ provide energy from the products of digestion.
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| | A) | endoplasmic reticulum
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| | B) | mitochondria
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| | C) | lysosomes
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| | D) | Golgi bodies
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3 | |
Tay-Sachs disease results from the absence of a particular enzyme found in the
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| | A) | endoplasmic reticulum.
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| | B) | mitochondria.
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| | C) | lysosomes.
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| | D) | Golgi bodies.
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4 | |
A replicated chromosome consists of two very long strands of identical chromosomal material called
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| | A) | telomeres.
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| | B) | chromatids.
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| | C) | centromeres.
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| | D) | genes.
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5 | |
DNA synthesis occurs during the ____ phase of the cell cycle.
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| | A) | gap 1 (G1)
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| | B) | gap 2 (G2)
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| | C) | S
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| | D) | Mitosis
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6 | |
In ____, chromosomes align down the center of the cell, held by the spindle.
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| | A) | prophase
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| | B) | metaphase
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| | C) | anaphase
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| | D) | telophase
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7 | |
During ____, replicated chromosomes condense, the spindle forms, and the nuclear membrane breaks down.
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| | A) | prophase
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| | B) | metaphase
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| | C) | anaphase
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| | D) | telophase
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8 | |
In ____, centromeres part and one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell.
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| | A) | prophase
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| | B) | metaphase
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| | C) | anaphase
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| | D) | telophase
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9 | |
Chromosome tips, or ____, function as a cellular clock that ticks down as pieces are lost from the very ends.
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| | A) | chromatids
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| | B) | centromeres
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| | C) | centrioles
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| | D) | telomeres
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10 | |
____ molecules assist cell movement.
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| | A) | Signal transduction
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| | B) | Prion
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| | C) | Cellular adhesion
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| | D) | Peroxisome
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11 | |
Which of the following pairs a genetic disorder with the incorrect defective macromolecule or essential nutrient?
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| | A) | Lesch-Nyhan syndrome - nucleic acids
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| | B) | maple syrup urine disease - vitamins
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| | C) | familial hypercholesterolemia - lipids
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| | D) | lactose intolerance - carbohydrate
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12 | |
Which inherited disease is caused by faulty ion channels?
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| | A) | cystic fibrosis
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| | B) | Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
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| | C) | sickle cell anemia
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| | D) | maple syrup urine disease
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13 | |
Prions are
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| | A) | recently discovered organelles in bacteria.
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| | B) | a single or double strand of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat.
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| | C) | a naturally occurring glycoprotein that takes two forms.
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| | D) | none of the above.
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14 | |
A child is taken to the doctor with the following symptoms: low blood sugar, darkened skin, muscle weakness, and heartbeat irregularities. The doctor concludes that the child has ALD and the symptoms arise from the accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids in the cells of the brain and spinal cord. The malfunctioning enzyme is associated with the
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| | A) | nucleus.
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| | B) | mitochondria.
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| | C) | lysosomes.
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| | D) | peroxisomes.
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15 | |
Assume that a cell has 50 units of DNA at G1 of interphase. How many units of DNA would a cell at prophase of mitosis contain?
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| | A) | 25
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| | B) | 50
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| | C) | 100
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| | D) | cannot be determined
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16 | |
Assume that a cell has 50 units of DNA at G1 of interphase. How many units of DNA would a cell at telophase of mitosis contain?
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| | A) | 25
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| | B) | 50
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| | C) | 100
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| | D) | cannot be determined
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17 | |
Which of the three recognized domains of life were previously considered together as prokaryotes?
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| | A) | Archaea and Bacteria
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| | B) | Eukarya and Bacteria
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| | C) | Eukarya and Archaea
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| | D) | prokaryotes are still separately recognized
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18 | |
In the inherited condition glycogen cardiomyopathy, teens develop muscle weakness including the heart muscle. The muscle tissue contains huge ____ swollen with the carbohydrate glycogen.
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| | A) | lysosomes
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| | B) | mitochondria
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| | C) | peroxisomes
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| | D) | nuclei
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19 | |
Ann has inherited Sly disease, which is characterized by mental retardation, heart defects, and death. Individuals with this disease lack an enzyme that normally breaks down glycolipid molecules called mucopolysaccharides. Two organelles cause this illness. They are the lysosomes and the
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| | A) | nucleus.
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| | B) | mitochondria.
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| | C) | peroxisomes.
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| | D) | ER.
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20 | |
Secretion involves information transfer from the DNA to
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| | A) | mRNA which directs manufacture of proteins.
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| | B) | tRNA which directs manufacture of proteins.
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| | C) | tRNA which directs manufacture of mRNA.
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| | D) | mRNA which directs manufacture of tRNA.
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21 | |
Membrane proteins can be involved
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| | A) | in signal transduction.
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| | B) | as cellular adhesion molecules.
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| | C) | in cell identification.
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| | D) | all of the above.
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22 | |
Cancer can result from
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| | A) | deficient cell division.
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| | B) | excessive apoptosis.
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| | C) | both a and b.
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| | D) | neither a nor b.
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23 | |
Which factors do not influence cell division? |
| | A) | crowding |
| | B) | growth hormones |
| | C) | cyclins |
| | D) | all of the above influence cell division |
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24 | |
____ retain the ability to specialize in particular ways in response to signals.
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| | A) | Organelles
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| | B) | Eukaryotic cells
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| | C) | Cell membranes
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| | D) | Stem cells
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25 | |
The cells of which of the three domains of life contain ribosomes?
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| | A) | Archaea
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| | B) | Bacteria
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| | C) | Eukarya
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| | D) | all of the above
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