Chapter 2 focuses on the biological structures of the body that are of interest to biopsychologists. Initially the discussion will be on nerve cells, called neurons, which allow messages to travel through the brain and the body. Psychologists are increasing their understanding of human behavior and are uncovering important clues in their efforts to cure certain kinds of diseases through their growing knowledge of these neurons and the nervous system. Then a review of the structure and the main divisions of the nervous system will lead to a discussion on how the different areas work to control voluntary and involuntary behaviors. The chapter also examines how the various parts of the nervous system operate together in emergency situations to produce lifesaving responses to danger.
Next, the brain itself will be considered by examining its major structures and the ways in which these affect behavior. The brain controls movement, our senses, and our thought processes. It is also fascinating to focus on the idea that the two halves of the brain may have different specialties and strengths and so this area will be discussed and the research presented. Finally, the chemical messenger system of the body, the endocrine system, will be studied.
To further investigate the topics covered in this chapter, you can visit the related websites by visiting the following link: http://www.mhhe.com/feldmaness5-02links.
Prologue: The Fight of His Life
Looking Ahead
Section 1: Neurons: The Elements of Behavior
The Structure of the Neuron
Firing the Neuron
Where Neurons Meet: Bridging the Gap
Neurotransmitters: Multitalented Chemical Couriers
Section 2: The Nervous System
Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The Evolutionary Foundations of the Nervous System
Behavioral Genetics
Section 3: The Brain
Studying the Brain's Structure and Functions: Spying on the Brain
The Central Core: Our "Old Brain"
Applying Psychology in the 21st Century: Mind Over Cursor: Using Brain Waves to Overcome Physical Limitations
The Limbic System: Beyond the Central Core
The Cerebral Cortex: Our "New Brain"
Mending the Brain
The Specialization of the Hemispheres: Two Brains or One?
Exploring Diversity: Human Diversity and the Brain
The Split Brain: Exploring the Two Hemispheres
The Endocrine System: Of Chemicals and Glands
Becoming an Informed Consumer of Psychology: Learning to Control Your Heart-and Mind-through Biofeedback
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