Please answer all questions.
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1 | |
Which of the following mothers probably faces the highest pregnancy risk? |
| | A) | white, mature, lower socioeconomic family |
| | B) | adolescent, nonwhite, upper middle-class family |
| | C) | white, mature, middle-class family |
| | D) | adolescent, nonwhite, lower socioeconomic family |
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2 | |
The pregnant woman needs to increase her calorie intake by about __________ per day during the last two trimesters of pregnancy. |
| | A) | 100 kcal |
| | B) | 400 kcal |
| | C) | 600 kcal |
| | D) | 800 kcal |
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3 | |
The breastfeeding woman with normal fat stores from pregnancy needs to increase her calorie intake by about __________ per day. |
| | A) | 100 kcal |
| | B) | 200 kcal |
| | C) | 500 kcal |
| | D) | 800 kcal |
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4 | |
Which of the following is not an attribute of human milk? |
| | A) | lactose content |
| | B) | presence of a bifidus factor |
| | C) | antibody content |
| | D) | high iron and vitamin D content |
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5 | |
The hormone responsible for the let-down reflex in breastfeeding is: |
| | A) | thyroid-stimulating hormone. |
| | B) | prolactin. |
| | C) | insulin. |
| | D) | oxytocin. |
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6 | |
Which of the following is not a component of weight gain in pregnancy? |
| | A) | breast tissue |
| | B) | amniotic fluid |
| | C) | thigh muscles |
| | D) | blood volume |
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7 | |
An energy source to avoid in pregnancy is: |
| | A) | fat. |
| | B) | protein. |
| | C) | carbohydrate. |
| | D) | alcohol. |
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8 | |
Weight gain in pregnancy for a normal weight woman should usually be at least about: |
| | A) | 15 to 20 pounds. |
| | B) | 25 to 35 pounds. |
| | C) | 30 to 40 pounds. |
| | D) | 35 to 45 pounds. |
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9 | |
A major advantage of breastfeeding for the infant is: |
| | A) | the E. coli factor. |
| | B) | passive immunity. |
| | C) | the high protein content. |
| | D) | low lactose content. |
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10 | |
Colostrum: |
| | A) | can be found in cow's milk. |
| | B) | is a source of antibodies and secreted from the breast for the first few days after birth. |
| | C) | contains mainly fat. |
| | D) | is a hormone involved in stimulating lactation. |
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11 | |
It is often recommended that breastfed infants be supplemented with which of the following nutrients? |
| | A) | iron and vitamin B-6 |
| | B) | vitamin D and iron |
| | C) | calcium and iron |
| | D) | vitamin C and vitamin D |
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12 | |
The fetus receives nourishment primarily through: |
| | A) | antibodies. |
| | B) | oxytocin. |
| | C) | the placenta. |
| | D) | amniotic fluid. |
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13 | |
During pregnancy the woman who is a vegan may not obtain adequate amounts of which of the following nutrients? |
| | A) | niacin, magnesium, and iodide |
| | B) | calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin B-12 |
| | C) | thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and folate |
| | D) | vitamin C, vitamin B-6, phosphorus, and sodium |
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14 | |
An attribute of human milk that keeps the infant from supporting the growth of some harmful intestinal bacteria is: |
| | A) | lactase. |
| | B) | albumin. |
| | C) | let-down reflex. |
| | D) | bifidus factor. |
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15 | |
A maternal practice that can be harmful to the fetus is: |
| | A) | a low-carbohydrate diet. |
| | B) | fasting. |
| | C) | smoking. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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16 | |
To produce a healthy infant, the mother should ideally have an adequate diet: |
| | A) | during the 9 months she carries the infant. |
| | B) | during the last trimester when the baby is growing so rapidly. |
| | C) | during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. |
| | D) | beginning about 8 weeks before conception occurs and continuing through the period of lactation. |
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17 | |
Select the following factor that is least likely to pose a risk to maternal and fetal health during pregnancy and childbirth. |
| | A) | underweight mother |
| | B) | maternal age 15 years or under |
| | C) | many closely spaced pregnancies |
| | D) | maternal age of 30 to 35 years |
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18 | |
To avoid constipation, the pregnant woman should increase her intake of: |
| | A) | milk and dairy products. |
| | B) | whole-grain bread and fruits. |
| | C) | sugars and starches. |
| | D) | lean meat, poultry, and fish. |
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19 | |
The practice of eating dirt, clay, or laundry starch during pregnancy is called: |
| | A) | "let-down" reflex. |
| | B) | physiological anemia. |
| | C) | pica. |
| | D) | pregnancy-induced hypertension. |
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20 | |
Advantages and benefits of breastfeeding to the mother include all but which of the following? |
| | A) | greater convenience |
| | B) | a more rapid loss of the fat tissue that may have accumulated in her body during pregnancy |
| | C) | reduced risk of developing certain forms of cancer |
| | D) | less nutritional demands on the mother |
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21 | |
Infants born after normal gestation length but weighing less than 5 pounds are labeled: |
| | A) | low birth weight. |
| | B) | small for gestational age. |
| | C) | premature. |
| | D) | normal, the smaller the better. |
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22 | |
During the __________ trimester most organs show great development, making this the most critical time with respect to fetal development. |
| | A) | 1st |
| | B) | 2nd |
| | C) | 3rd |
| | D) | all of the above |
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23 | |
The risk of delivering a preterm or small-for-gestational age infant increases with maternal: |
| | A) | smoking. |
| | B) | alcohol consumption. |
| | C) | illegal or improper drug use. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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24 | |
__________ is the term used for the joining of an egg and a sperm from conception until about 2 weeks gestation. |
| | A) | Zygote |
| | B) | Embryo |
| | C) | Fetus |
| | D) | B and C |
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25 | |
Though it is impossible to exactly define a successful pregnancy, which of the following is a desirable goal: |
| | A) | gestational period longer than 40 weeks. |
| | B) | gestational period longer than 37 weeks. |
| | C) | birth weight greater than 2500 grams. |
| | D) | B and C. |
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