Alcohol consumption decreases the absorption of many B vitamins, such as thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate. All of these vitamins are important in maintaining proper metabolic and nervous system function. People with alcoholism also usually have unbalanced diets, which can further impair absorption of vitamins and minerals from the GI tract.
Humans must obtain vitamin C from foods because the body cannot synthesize it. A major function of this vitamin is to promote the formation of collagen, an important protein found in connective tissue. Collagen is an integral component of bone, skin, and blood vessels. Thus, a low intake of vitamin C will impair wound healing. Deficiency can also lead to scurvy—symptoms include bleeding gums and pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
Vitamin C likely has antioxidant capabilities in the body. It may work with vitamin E against free radicals and may help “reactivate” vitamin E so that it can continue to function. In this way it also may reduce cancer risk. Vitamin C also enhances iron absorption, assists in carnitine production, and synthesizes norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter.
Finally, vitamin C is essential for lymphocytic activity within the immune system. Since it assists in the production of lymphocytes, maintaining appropriate vitamin C intake gives the body the building blocks it needs to fight off infections. However, vitamin C does not cure the common cold.
