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Multiple Choice Quiz 2
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1
Which of these facts about the spinal cord is (are) correct?
A)There are pairs of spinal nerves that exit the spinal cord.
B)The spinal cord extends inferiorly to the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra.
C)The spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the filum terminale.
D)Gray matter is superficial to the white matter of the spinal cord.
E)all of these
2
The most superficial of the meninges is the
A)arachnoid mater.
B)pia mater.
C)filum terminale.
D)dura mater.
E)conus medullaris.
3
In a cross section of the spinal cord, the peripheral white portion consists of __________ forming nerve tracts, and the central gray portion consists of __________ , dendrites, and axons.
A)unmyelinated axons, neuron cell bodies
B)myelinated axons, sensory receptors
C)myelinated axons, neuron cell bodies
4
The anterior (ventral) horn of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of
A)motor neurons to skeletal muscle.
B)sensory neurons.
C)association neurons.
D)motor neurons to the ANS.
E)the posterior funiculus.
5
Sensory neurons entering the spinal cord
A)enter through the dorsal horn.
B)have their cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia.
C)travel through a spinal nerve.
D)synapse with an association neuron in the spinal cord.
E)all of these
6
The spinal nerves
A)contain sensory axons.
B)contain motor axons.
C)are formed from the convergence of dorsal and ventral roots.
D)exit the vertebral column via intervertebral foramina.
E)all of the above
7
Given these components of a reflex:
1. association neuron
2. skeletal muscle
3. afferent neuron
4. efferent neuron
5. sensory receptor
Choose the sequence below that best represents the order followed in a reflex, from stimulus to response.
A)5, 4, 3, 2, 1
B)5, 3, 2, 4, 1
C)5, 4, 3, 1, 2
D)5, 3, 1, 4, 2
E)5, 4, 1, 3, 2
8
Reflexes
A)are never homeostatic.
B)are automatic responses to a stimulus.
C)cannot be suppressed by higher brain functions.
D)are always simple pathways containing three neurons.
E)all of these
9
Stretch reflexes
A)cause muscles to contract in response to a stretching force being applied to them.
B)involve a sensory receptor (muscle spindle).
C)involve sensory neurons that directly synapse with motor neurons in the spinal cord.
D)help maintain posture.
E)all of the above
10
A knee-jerk reflex is an example of the
A)crossed extensor reflex.
B)withdrawal reflex.
C)Golgi tendon reflex.
D)stretch reflex.
11
The Golgi tendon reflex
A)involves the synapse of sensory neurons from the Golgi tendon organs with stimulating interneurons at the spinal cord.
B)prevents contracting muscles from applying excessive tension to tendons.
C)involves the stimulation of alpha neurons leading back to the muscles that are stretching tendons.
D)results in increased tension at tendons.
12
The withdrawal reflex
A)includes the Golgi tendon organs.
B)includes the synapse of sensory neurons directly with alpha motor neurons.
C)helps to protect the body from painful stimuli.
D)is a response to increased tension at a tendon.
E)all of the above
13
Which of these events occur when a person steps on a tack with their right foot?
A)The right foot is pulled away from the tack because of the Golgi tendon reflex.
B)The left leg is extended to support the body because of the stretch reflex.
C)The flexor muscles of the thigh contract, and the extensor muscles relax because of reciprocal innervation.
D)The extensor muscles of both thighs contract because of the crossed extensor reflex.
E)all of these
14
The connective tissue layer that surrounds a nerve fascicle is called the
A)endoneurium.
B)epineurium.
C)perineurium
15
In the thoracic region, the ventral rami of spinal nerves form __________ ; elsewhere the ventral rami form __________ .
A)intercostal nerves, plexuses
B)dorsal nerves, ganglia
C)ventral nerves, splanchnic nerves
D)plexuses, dermatomes
E)ganglia, phrenic nerves
16
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves innervate
A)anterior neck muscles.
B)deep back muscles.
C)intercostal muscles.
D)muscles of the upper limb.
E)plexuses.
17
Damage to the dorsal root of a spinal nerve results in
A)loss of motor control.
B)loss of parasympathetic function.
C)loss of sensory input.
D)both a and b
E)all of these
18
In spinal cord injury
A)there may be loss of sensation and motor functions.
B)classification is done according to the vertebral level at which the injury occurred, the extent of the cord damage, and the mechanism of the injury.
C)there is primary and secondary damage.
D)treatment may include the use of steroids to decrease total damage.
E)all of the above
19
The numbers of spinal nerves correspond to the number of vertebrae in each region of the spine except for
A)cervical.
B)lumbar.
C)sacral.
D)thoracic.
20
The plexus that originates from C1-C4 is the
A)brachial plexus.
B)cervical plexus.
C)lumbar plexus.
D)sacral plexus.
E)coccygeal plexus.
21
Given the following structures from the brachial plexus:

1. ventral rami
2. chords
3. divisions
4. branches
5. trunks

What is the correct sequence of structures emerging from the brachial plexus?
A)5,4,1,2,3
B)1,4,3,2,5
C)1,5,3,2,4
D)2,3,5,1,4
E)1,5,4,2,3
22
The plexus that originates from spinal nerves C5-T1 is the
A)brachial plexus.
B)cervical plexus.
C)lumbar plexus.
D)sacral plexus.
E)coccygeal plexus.
23
Which of these nerves innervates the deltoid muscle and provides sensory input from the shoulder?
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
24
Which of these nerves provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior surface of the arm and forearm, and the lateral two-thirds of the dorsum of the hand?
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
25
Which of these nerves provides cutaneous innervation to the lateral side of the forearm?
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
26
The __________ nerves originate from spinal nerves C3-C5 and innervate the diaphragm.
A)brachial
B)median
C)phrenic
D)radial
E)vagus
27
Loss of ability to extend the arm, forearm, and hand indicates damage to what nerve?
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
28
This nerve, commonly called the "funny bone," passes behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus; it is the
A)axillary nerve.
B)median nerve.
C)musculocutaneous nerve.
D)radial nerve.
E)ulnar nerve.
29
Which nerve innervates most of the flexor muscles of the forearm and the muscles of the thenar area of the hand?
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
30
A man suffers a shoulder injury, and as a result has very little strength when he tries to flex his forearm. The nerve most likely damaged is the
A)axillary nerve
B)median nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)radial nerve
E)ulnar nerve
31
The plexus that originates from spinal nerves L1-L4 is the
A)cervical plexus.
B)brachial plexus.
C)lumbar plexus.
D)sacral plexus.
E)coccygeal plexus.
32
Major nerves that exit the lumbosacral plexus and enter the lower limb include
A)obturator.
B)femoral.
C)tibial.
D)common fibular.
E)all of the above
33
From which plexus does the ischiadic (sciatic) nerve originate?
A)brachial plexus
B)cervical plexus
C)coccygeal plexus
D)myenteric plexus
E)lumbosacral plexus
34
Which of these nerves supplies muscles that adduct the thigh?
A)common fibular nerve
B)femoral nerve
C)obturator nerve
D)sural nerve
E)coccygeal plexus
35
After suffering nerve damage, an accident victim is unable to flex his right thigh, or extend his right leg. The nerve most likely damaged is the
A)common fibular nerve.
B)femoral nerve.
C)obturator nerve.
D)tibial nerve.
E)coccygeal plexus.
36
The ischiadic nerve is really two nerves, the tibial nerve and the
A)common fibular nerve.
B)femoral nerve.
C)obturator nerve.
D)coccygeal plexus.
37
The nerve that innervates the hamstring muscles and posterior leg muscles is the
A)common fibular nerve.
B)femoral nerve.
C)obturator nerve.
D)tibial nerve.
E)coccygeal plexus.
38
The medial and lateral plantar nerves, and the sural nerve are all branches of the
A)common fibular nerve.
B)femoral nerve.
C)obturator nerve.
D)tibial nerve.
E)coccygeal plexus.
39
The anterior and lateral muscles of the leg and foot are innervated by the
A)common fibular nerve.
B)femoral nerve.
C)obturator nerve.
D)tibial nerve.
E)coccygeal plexus.
40
Which plexus supplies motor innervation to the muscles of the pelvic floor and sensory cutaneous innervation to the skin over the coccyx?
A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)lumbosacral plexus
D)coccygeal plexus







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