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1 | |
Algae are somewhat different from true plants in that they do not: |
| | A) | produce seeds. |
| | B) | produce flowers. |
| | C) | photosynthesize. |
| | D) | all of the above |
| | E) | A and B |
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2 | |
Seaweeds are typically found where the substrate is: |
| | A) | mud. |
| | B) | rock. |
| | C) | sand. |
| | D) | silt. |
| | E) | clay. |
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3 | |
The characteristic pattern for seaweed growing along a shore from shallow depths to maximum growing depths is: |
| | A) | green algae, brown algae, red algae. |
| | B) | brown algae, green algae, red algae. |
| | C) | red algae, brown algae, green algae. |
| | D) | green algae, red algae, brown algae. |
| | E) | brown algae, red algae, green algae. |
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4 | |
Many sessile benthic animals are able to avoid overcrowding and colonize new areas because: |
| | A) | high-energy winter waves disperse them. |
| | B) | predators will occasionally move them without consuming them. |
| | C) | they produce motile larvae. |
| | D) | turbidity currents disperse them. |
| | E) | A and D |
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5 | |
Benthic animals on the deep-sea floor can withstand the great pressure because: |
| | A) | their bodies are more than 90% water. |
| | B) | they have no internal gas storage chambers. |
| | C) | they do not have lungs. |
| | D) | they have rigid outer shells. |
| | E) | A, B, and C |
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6 | |
Seaweeds are attached to the substrate by a basal organ called a(n): |
| | A) | anchor. |
| | B) | sucker. |
| | C) | holdfast. |
| | D) | gluon. |
| | E) | root. |
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7 | |
The photosynthetic organ of seaweed is called the: |
| | A) | blade. |
| | B) | leaf. |
| | C) | stipe. |
| | D) | bark. |
| | E) | needle. |
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8 | |
Mangroves grow in: |
| | A) | the intertidal zone. |
| | B) | the temperate zone. |
| | C) | the tropical zone. |
| | D) | deep water. |
| | E) | A and C above |
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9 | |
The ratio of benthic to pelagic species of animals is about: |
| | A) | 100:1. |
| | B) | 50:1. |
| | C) | 10:1. |
| | D) | 5:1. |
| | E) | 1:1. |
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10 | |
Roughly ____ percent of benthic animals live buried in the substrate. |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 20 |
| | C) | 30 |
| | D) | 40 |
| | E) | 50 |
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11 | |
Benthic animals that live on or attached to the bottom are called: |
| | A) | infauna. |
| | B) | sessile. |
| | C) | epifauna. |
| | D) | mesofauna. |
| | E) | pelagofauna. |
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12 | |
Which of the following is an example of a sessile animal? |
| | A) | starfish |
| | B) | snail |
| | C) | sea urchin |
| | D) | barnacle |
| | E) | crab |
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13 | |
The stability of tide pool environments increases with: |
| | A) | increasing depth of the pool. |
| | B) | decreasing depth of the pool. |
| | C) | increasing volume of the pool. |
| | D) | increasing distance from the beach. |
| | E) | A and C above |
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14 | |
Many members of the deep-sea infauna are very small. These organisms are called: |
| | A) | microfauna. |
| | B) | meiobenthos. |
| | C) | lillibenthos. |
| | D) | microbenthos. |
| | E) | mesofauna. |
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15 | |
A relationship between two organisms which is beneficial to one and not harmful to the other is called: |
| | A) | mutualism. |
| | B) | parasitism. |
| | C) | commensalism. |
| | D) | beneficialism. |
| | E) | invadeism. |
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16 | |
The relationship between the clown fish and the sea anemone is an example of: |
| | A) | commensalism. |
| | B) | parasitism. |
| | C) | mutualism. |
| | D) | aggression. |
| | E) | beneficialism. |
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17 | |
Individual coral animals are called: |
| | A) | anemones. |
| | B) | ctenophores. |
| | C) | polyps. |
| | D) | zooxanthellae. |
| | E) | none of the above |
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18 | |
The optimal temperature for reef-building corals is ______ degrees Centigrade. |
| | A) | 23-25 |
| | B) | 10-12 |
| | C) | 30-32 |
| | D) | 6-8 |
| | E) | 28-30 |
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19 | |
A reef that is separated from the shore by a lagoon is called a: |
| | A) | fringing reef. |
| | B) | atoll. |
| | C) | barrier reef. |
| | D) | buttress reef. |
| | E) | none of the above |
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20 | |
Wave energy is dissipated on a reef in the: |
| | A) | buttress zone. |
| | B) | reef flat. |
| | C) | reef crest. |
| | D) | outer slope. |
| | E) | lagoon floor. |
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