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| 1 | |
The formed elements of blood include all of the following except |
| | A) | red blood cells |
| | B) | white blood cells |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | plasma |
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| 2 | |
The structure of red blood cells is that of |
| | A) | a disk that is convex on one side and concave on the other |
| | B) | irregularly shaped fragments without a nucleus |
| | C) | relative large cells with multiple nuclei that stain blue |
| | D) | biconcave disks that carry hemoglobin |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following formed elements of blood are essential to gas exchange at tissues? |
| | A) | leukocytes |
| | B) | erythrocytes |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | eosinophils |
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| 4 | |
Damaged red blood cells are destroyed by cells called |
| | A) | leukocytes |
| | B) | macrophages |
| | C) | neutrophils |
| | D) | granulocytes |
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| 5 | |
The heme portion of damaged red blood cells is decomposed first into iron and |
| | A) | biliverdin |
| | B) | bilirubin |
| | C) | bile |
| | D) | copper |
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| 6 | |
Erythropoietin is released by the kidney in direct response to |
| | A) | a decrease in the number of red blood cells |
| | B) | an increase in circulating biliverdin |
| | C) | stimuli originating in the lungs |
| | D) | a decrease in circulating oxygen concentration |
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| 7 | |
In an adult, red blood cells are produced in |
| | A) | the spleen |
| | B) | red marrow |
| | C) | the liver |
| | D) | yellow marrow |
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| 8 | |
The production of red cells is dependent on adequate intake of mainly |
| | A) | iron, folic acid, and vitamin B1 |
| | B) | copper, vitamin K, and vitamin B12 |
| | C) | iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 |
| | D) | zinc, vitamin K, and vitamin B1 |
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| 9 | |
The white cell that is not a granulocyte is a |
| | A) | lymphocyte |
| | B) | eosinophil |
| | C) | neutrophil |
| | D) | basophil |
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| 10 | |
The most numerous white blood cell is the |
| | A) | neutrophil |
| | B) | eosinophil |
| | C) | monocyte |
| | D) | lymphocyte |
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| 11 | |
The white blood cell that forms antibodies necessary for immunity to specific diseases is the |
| | A) | basophil |
| | B) | lymphocyte |
| | C) | thrombocyte |
| | D) | eosinophil |
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| 12 | |
The white cell that would increase in certain parasitic infections and allergic reactions is |
| | A) | neutrophils |
| | B) | eosinophils |
| | C) | monocytes |
| | D) | basophils |
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| 13 | |
White blood cells combat infection by |
| | A) | phagocytosis |
| | B) | antibody production |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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| 14 | |
The most mobile and phagocytic white cells are |
| | A) | neutrophils and monocytes |
| | B) | basophils and lymphocytes |
| | C) | eosinophils and basophils |
| | D) | monocytes and lymphocytes |
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| 15 | |
Characteristics of platelets include |
| | A) | a large, multilobular nucleus |
| | B) | a life span equal to that of red blood cells |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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| 16 | |
A form of cancer characterized by uncontrolled production of white blood cells is |
| | A) | Hodgkin's disease |
| | B) | lymphoma |
| | C) | leukemia |
| | D) | myeloma |
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| 17 | |
The plasma protein produced by lymphocytes is |
| | A) | albumin |
| | B) | gamma globulin |
| | C) | fibrinogen |
| | D) | none of the above |
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| 18 | |
The most nutrients found in the plasma were primarily absorbed from the |
| | A) | liver |
| | B) | stomach |
| | C) | small intestine |
| | D) | large intestine |
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| 19 | |
Lipids are transported in plasma primarily as |
| | A) | triglycerides |
| | B) | cholesterol |
| | C) | lipoproteins |
| | D) | cholymicrons |
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| 20 | |
A platelet plug begins to form when platelets are |
| | A) | exposed to air |
| | B) | exposed to a rough surface |
| | C) | exposed to calcium |
| | D) | crushed |
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| 21 | |
Substances believed to activate prothrombin are thought to include |
| | A) | calcium ions |
| | B) | potassium ions |
| | C) | phospholipids |
| | D) | glucose |
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| 22 | |
Prothrombin is a plasma protein produced by the |
| | A) | kidney |
| | B) | small intestine |
| | C) | pancreas |
| | D) | liver |
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| 23 | |
The clumping together of red blood cells when unlike (incompatible) types of blood are mixed is due to antibodies in the plasma and antigens on the |
| | A) | thrombocytes |
| | B) | erythrocytes |
| | C) | basophils |
| | D) | eosinophils |
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| 24 | |
A person with type A blood has |
| | A) | antigen A and the anti-B antibody |
| | B) | antigens A and B |
| | C) | antibodies A and B |
| | D) | neither antigen A nor B |
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| 25 | |
The blood type that lacks antigens A or B is |
| | A) | type AB |
| | B) | type O |
| | C) | either |
| | D) | neither |
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| 26 | |
Antibodies for Rh appear |
| | A) | spontaneously as an inherited trait |
| | B) | only rarely for poorly understood reasons |
| | C) | in response to stimulation by exposure to Rh antigens |
| | D) | only in Rh-negative infants |
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| 27 | |
Blood is both heavier and more viscous than water. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
Red blood cells in the blood lack a nucleus and therefore cannot synthesize proteins or reproduce. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
Women typically have a higher red blood cell count than men. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
The average life span of red blood cells is 120 days. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Erythropoietin is produced by the spleen. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Folic acid and vitamin B12 are necessary for DNA synthesis but the rapidity of red cell turnover makes this tissue especially vulnerable to deficiency. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 33 | |
Agranulocytes are white cells that have granular cytoplasm. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 34 | |
The five types of white blood cells are classified according to size, the nature of their cytoplasm, nuclei shape, and how they stain. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 35 | |
Granulocytes have a very long life span in circulating blood. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 36 | |
Lymphocytes account for 25-33% of circulating leukocytes and live for many years. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 37 | |
A normal white count is 15,000 to 20,000 WBC's/cubic millimeter of blood. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 38 | |
A differential count lists the percentages of the types of leukocytes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 39 | |
The cytoplasmic granules of basophils contain heparin and histamine. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 40 | |
Globulins are plasma proteins that play a significant role in maintaining osmotic pressure. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 41 | |
Potassium is the most abundant electrolyte carried in plasma. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 42 | |
A blood clot forming abnormally in a blood vessel is a thrombus. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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