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| 1 | |
Microorganisms belonging to the same __________ would be expected to have the most characteristics in common with each other. |
| | A) | order |
| | B) | species |
| | C) | family |
| | D) | kingdom |
| | E) | genus |
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| 2 | |
The Cavalier-Smith's eight kingdom system of classification includes all of the following except: |
| | A) | fungi |
| | B) | bacteria |
| | C) | viruses |
| | D) | algae |
| | E) | slime molds |
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| 3 | |
To which kingdom do the cyanobacteria belong? |
| | A) | Fungi |
| | B) | Eubacteria |
| | C) | Protista |
| | D) | Plantae |
| | E) | Animalia |
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| 4 | |
A unicellular heterotroph with a nucleus but possess 70S ribosomes and lack golgi apparatuses should be placed in which kingdom |
| | A) | Fungi |
| | B) | Eubacteria |
| | C) | Archezoa |
| | D) | Chromista |
| | E) | Animalia |
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| 5 | |
Which is NOT true of the name Escherichia coli |
| | A) | Escherichia is the genus to which it belongs |
| | B) | coli is the strain to which it belongs |
| | C) | it is a scientific name |
| | D) | more characteristics have to be met to belong to the coli taxon compared to Escherichia taxon. |
| | E) | the name is based on binomial nomenclature |
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| 6 | |
Which kingdom would an organism with the following characteristics most likely belong: true nucleus, non-photosynthetic, non-motile, absorb nutrients, and reproduce by forming spores? |
| | A) | Fungi |
| | B) | Eubacteria |
| | C) | Protista |
| | D) | Plantae |
| | E) | Animalia |
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| 7 | |
What is being compared during DNA hybridization studies of two bacteria? |
| | A) | rate of DNA replication |
| | B) | mechanism of RNA synthesis from DNA |
| | C) | ratio of nitrogenous base to all other bases |
| | D) | similarity of base sequences |
| | E) | nature of the 16S RNA component |
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| 8 | |
Which pair of microorganisms would you expect to be most closely related? |
| | A) | yeasts and actinomycetes |
| | B) | Staphylococcus and Escherichia |
| | C) | Streptococcus pyogenes and type a and Streptococcus pyogenes type b |
| | D) | Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae |
| | E) | Micrococcus and Staphylococcus |
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| 9 | |
What was one of the first and most useful microscopic tests for classifying bacteria that is still important today? |
| | A) | Gram stain |
| | B) | flagella stains |
| | C) | simple stain |
| | D) | negative stain for capsule |
| | E) | metachromatic granule stain |
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| 10 | |
Organism A has 65 percent G+C and organism B has 35 percent G+C. Which of the following can be concluded from these data? |
| | A) | The two organisms are related. |
| | B) | The two organisms are unrelated. |
| | C) | The organisms make entirely different enzymes. |
| | D) | Their nucleic acids will not hybridize. |
| | E) | Nothing can be concluded from G+C information. |
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| 11 | |
Bacterial strains A and B both have % GC of 51. This would indicate that they |
| | A) | are closely related. |
| | B) | are the same species. |
| | C) | have the same habitat. |
| | D) | might be closely related. |
| | E) | would undergo genetic recombination. |
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| 12 | |
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are not in the same family. This indicates that which of the following is not sufficient to assign an organism to a taxon? |
| | A) | Biochemical characteristics |
| | B) | Amino acid sequencing |
| | C) | Phage typing |
| | D) | Serology |
| | E) | Morphological characteristics |
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| 13 | |
Amino acid sequencing infers information about |
| | A) | morphology. |
| | B) | identification of an organism. |
| | C) | nucleotide bases making up a gene. |
| | D) | antigenic composition. |
| | E) | enzymatic activities. |
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| 14 | |
Biochemical tests are used to determine |
| | A) | enzymatic activities. |
| | B) | nucleic acid base composition. |
| | C) | amino acid sequences. |
| | D) | staining characteristics. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
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| 15 | |
Which kingdom would an organism with the following characteristics most likely belong: true nucleus, multicellular, photosynthetic, chloroplasts within cytoplasmic matrix? |
| | A) | Chromista |
| | B) | Eubacteria |
| | C) | Protozoa |
| | D) | Plantae |
| | E) | Animalia |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following is the arrangement of organisms into groups or taxa? |
| | A) | nomenclature |
| | B) | identification |
| | C) | systematics |
| | D) | classification |
| | E) | phylogeny |
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| 17 | |
Extensive sequential nucleotide analysis and analysis of rRNA has divided the living world into three domains called |
| | A) | bacteria, archaea and eucarya. |
| | B) | procarya, eucarya and animals. |
| | C) | fungi, plants and animals. |
| | D) | archaea, eucarya and viruses. |
| | E) | bacteria, archaea and cyanobacteria. |
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| 18 | |
A(n) _____ classification system arranges organisms into groups whose members share many characteristics and reflects as much as possible the biological nature of organisms. |
| | A) | artificial |
| | B) | natural |
| | C) | phylogenetic |
| | D) | molecular |
| | E) | phrenetic |
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Compare the following entities (I and II). Characterize them according to the following key:
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| 19 | |
I. The similarity between a pair of species that has a simple matching coefficient of 0.9. II. The similarity between a pair of species that has a simple matching coefficient of 0.6. |
| | A) | I is greater than II. |
| | B) | I is less than II. |
| | C) | I is exactly or approximately equal to II. |
| | D) | I may stand in more than one of the above relations to II. |
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| 20 | |
I. Degree of similarity of base sequences between species A and B when A has a G+C content of 44. II. Degree of similarity of base sequences between species B and A when B has a G+C content of 44. |
| | A) | I is greater than II. |
| | B) | I is less than II. |
| | C) | I is exactly or approximately equal to II. |
| | D) | I may stand in more than one of the above relations to II. |
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| 21 | |
A _____ is a diagram usually placed on its side with the X-axis graduated in units of similarity. |
| | A) | similarity matrix |
| | B) | simple matching coefficient |
| | C) | dendrogram |
| | D) | profile number |
| | E) | Harvard matrix transformation |
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| 22 | |
All of the following are examples of morphological features used for classification and identification of procaryotes except |
| | A) | staining behavior. |
| | B) | colonial shape and color. |
| | C) | endospore morphology and location. |
| | D) | cell shape. |
| | E) | fermentation products. |
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| 23 | |
All of the following are examples of physiological and metabolic characteristics used for classification and identification of procaryotes except |
| | A) | oxygen relationships. |
| | B) | staining behavior. |
| | C) | luminescence. |
| | D) | cell wall constituents. |
| | E) | fermentation products. |
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| 24 | |
If the figures below represent the hybridization that occurs between two strands of DNA from different organisms, which result shows the greatest degree of similarity between organisms? <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg:: ::/sites/dl/free/0072556781/20554/ch19_num24_quizimage.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (14.0K)</a>]]> |
| | A) | See above image. |
| | B) | See above image. |
| | C) | See above image. |
| | D) | See above image. |
| | E) | See above image. |
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| 25 | |
Molecular chronometers is based on the concept that nucleic acid and amino acid sequences - of similar molecules are quite different in two groups of organisms indicating a recent divergence between the groups.
- change over time without destroying their function because changes are neutral.
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| | A) | I only is true. |
| | B) | II only is true. |
| | C) | Both I and II are true. |
| | D) | Neither I nor II are true. |
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| 26 | |
An oligonucleotide signature sequence is a set of nucleotide sequences that - occur in a large number of phylogenetic groups.
- occur in most or all members of a particular phylogetic group.
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| | A) | I only is true. |
| | B) | II only is true. |
| | C) | Both I and II are true. |
| | D) | Neither I nor II are true. |
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| 27 | |
Even though the two domains are procaryotic, the Archaea domain differs from the Bacteria domain in that the Archaea - lack muramic acid in their cell walls.
- posses membrane lipids with ether-linked branched aliphatic chains.
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| | A) | I only is true. |
| | B) | II only is true. |
| | C) | Both I and II are true. |
| | D) | Neither I nor II are true. |
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| 28 | |
The Whittaker five kingdom system of classification divides living organisms into which of the following kingdoms? |
| | A) | Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Plants, Animals |
| | B) | Monera, Protista, Plants, Animals, Fungi |
| | C) | Monera, Protista, Archaea, Animals, Fungi |
| | D) | Monera, Protista, Plants, Animals, Archaea |
| | E) | Viruses, Protista, Plants, Animals, Fungi |
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| 29 | |
The Cavalier-Smith's eight kingdom system of classification includes all of the following except: |
| | A) | Protozoa |
| | B) | Eubacteria |
| | C) | Archezoa |
| | D) | Chromista |
| | E) | Virons |
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| 30 | |
All of the following are used to characterize procaryotic organisms for the First Edition of Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriologyexcept: |
| | A) | Gram-staining properties |
| | B) | presence of endospores |
| | C) | oxygen relationship |
| | D) | phylogenetic information |
| | E) | motility |
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