Chapter Outline

I. Introduction

A. Figure 1.1: Sociological Theory: The Early Years

II. Social Forces in the Development of Sociological Theory

A. Biographical Sketch: Abdel Rahman Ibn-Khaldun

B. Political Revolutions

C. The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Capitalism

D. The Rise of Socialism

E. Feminism

F. Urbanization

G. Religious Change

H. The Growth of Science

III. Intellectual Forces and the Rise of Sociological Theory

A. The Enlightenment

B. The Conservative Reaction to the Enlightenment

IV. The Development of French Sociology

A. Claude Henri Saint-Simon

B. Auguste Comte (with biographical sketch)

C. Emile Durkheim

1. Biographical Sketch

2. Social Facts

3. Religion

V. The Development of German Sociology

A. The Roots and Nature of the Theories of Karl Marx

1. Hegel

2. Biographical Sketch: Karl Marx

3. Feuerbach

4. Marx, Hegel, Feuerbach

5. Political Economy

6. Marx and Sociology

7. Marx's Theory

B. The Roots and Nature of the Theories of Max Weber and Georg Simmel

1. Weber and Marx

2. Other Influences on Weber

3. Weber's Theory

4. Biographical Sketch: Max Weber

5. The Acceptance of Weber's Theory

6. Simmel's Theory

7. Biographical Sketch: Georg Simmel

8. Biographical Sketch: Sigmund Freud

VI. The Origins of British Sociology

A. Political Economy, Ameliorism, and Social Evolution

1. Political Economy

2. Ameliorism

3. Social Evolution

B. Herbert Spencer

1. Biographical Sketch

2. Spencer and Comte

3. Evolutionary Theory

4. The Reaction against Spencer in Britain

VII. The Key Figure In Early Italian Sociology

VIII. Turn-of-the-Century Developments in European Marxism

IX. Summary