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1 | |
For Anthony Giddens, social structure is composed of: |
| | A) | the objective positions within a field. |
| | B) | networks of exchange relations. |
| | C) | systems of oppression and domination. |
| | D) | the structuring properties of rules and resources. |
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2 | |
_____________ consciousness entails the ability to describe our actions in words, whereas ___________ consciousness involves actions that the actors take for granted without being able to express what they are doing. |
| | A) | Discursive; practical |
| | B) | Practical; discursive |
| | C) | Discursive; sub- |
| | D) | Oral; practical |
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3 | |
According to Giddens, intentional actions produce: |
| | A) | risk. |
| | B) | structure. |
| | C) | unintended consequences. |
| | D) | social systems. |
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4 | |
Giddens thinks that social structure can be both: |
| | A) | dominating and oppressive. |
| | B) | constraining and enabling. |
| | C) | stable and unstable. |
| | D) | recursive and practical. |
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5 | |
Structuration emphasizes the _________ of agency and structure. |
| | A) | duality |
| | B) | dualism |
| | C) | bifurcation |
| | D) | interrelationships |
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6 | |
_____________ is the process by which complex interchanges lead not only to changes in the structure of the system but also to structural elaboration. |
| | A) | Morphostasis |
| | B) | Metamorphosis |
| | C) | Morphogenesis |
| | D) | Metagenesis |
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7 | |
Margaret Archer believes that social theorists tend to underemphasize the importance of ____________ (e.g., theories, beliefs, and ideas) in social action. |
| | A) | structure |
| | B) | culture |
| | C) | rationales |
| | D) | practices |
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8 | |
Archer criticizes Giddens for neglecting the __________ of culture and structure. |
| | A) | interrelations |
| | B) | duality |
| | C) | mutual constitution |
| | D) | relative autonomy |
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9 | |
Pierre Bourdieu refers to his perspective as: |
| | A) | structuralist constructivism. |
| | B) | post-constructivism. |
| | C) | genetic capitalism. |
| | D) | field theory. |
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10 | |
Which of the following reflect(s) objective divisions in the social structure, such as age groups, genders, and social classes? |
| | A) | exchange networks |
| | B) | practice |
| | C) | fields |
| | D) | habitus |
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11 | |
A real estate agent who is sent to live with a hunting-and-gathering society might develop: |
| | A) | hysteresis. |
| | B) | industritis. |
| | C) | anonomia. |
| | D) | a habitus. |
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12 | |
According to Bourdieu, the most important of all fields is: |
| | A) | economic. |
| | B) | political. |
| | C) | cultural. |
| | D) | social. |
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13 | |
Art, education, and religion are examples of: |
| | A) | tastes. |
| | B) | fields. |
| | C) | distinctions. |
| | D) | symbolic capital. |
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14 | |
Tastes are conditioned by class relationships and _____________ relationships. |
| | A) | cultural |
| | B) | political |
| | C) | social |
| | D) | exchange |
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15 | |
Drawing on ______________, the idea of the life-world involves a range of unspoken presuppositions about mutual understandings that must exist for communication to take place. |
| | A) | structural-functionalism |
| | B) | cybernetics |
| | C) | phenomenology |
| | D) | ethnography |
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16 | |
Habermas's ideal society is based on substantively rational consensus achieved through: |
| | A) | better technology. |
| | B) | free and open communication. |
| | C) | accurate polling data. |
| | D) | rotating government. |
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17 | |
According to Habermas, the system is becoming increasingly ___________ by delinguistified media. |
| | A) | monetized and bureaucratized |
| | B) | mediated and controlled |
| | C) | practical and discursive |
| | D) | democratized and equalized |
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18 | |
According to Habermas, the most urgent dilemma of the contemporary world is that the ___________ is being colonized by the ___________. |
| | A) | system; life-world |
| | B) | habitus; field |
| | C) | life-world; system |
| | D) | field; habitus |
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19 | |
___________ tend to be involved with micro-macro theory, whereas ____________ tend to produce agency-structure theory. |
| | A) | Europeans; Americans |
| | B) | Americans; Europeans |
| | C) | Sociologists; Anthropologists |
| | D) | Anthropologists; Sociologists |
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20 | |
Agency-structure theory tends to have a(n) ____________ perspective, whereas micro-macro-theory is more likely to be ____________. |
| | A) | historical; static |
| | B) | static; historical |
| | C) | hierarchical; static |
| | D) | static; hierarchical |
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21 | |
Pierre Bourdieu thought that social scientists ought to pay attention to the double hermeneutic. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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22 | |
Anthony Giddens exaggerates the fact that structure can be constraining on action and that it neglects the ability of structure to enable actions as well. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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23 | |
According to Giddens, the issue of social order depends on how well social systems are integrated over time and across space. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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24 | |
According to Margaret Archer, cultural elaboration is the future that is forged in the present, hammered out of past inheritance by current innovation. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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25 | |
Symbolic violence is practiced indirectly, largely through cultural mechanisms, and it stands in contrast to more direct forms of social control. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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26 | |
People pursue distinction in the beverages they drink, the cars they drive, the resorts they visit, and the newspapers they read. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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27 | |
According to Bourdieu, the intellectual mediocrity of the French university is a product of low salaries and few resources. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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28 | |
In Marxian terms, the system is the domain of formal rationality, while the lifeworld is the site of instrumental rationality. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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29 | |
According to Habermas, the fundamental problem of social theory is how to connect the perspective of the acting subject with an objective perspective on social systems. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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30 | |
Across the agency-structure literature, there is consensus on the power of the agent to influence social structure. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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2004 McGraw-Hill Higher Education