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1 | |
Which researcher assumed that no additional cognitive changes occur after adolescence? |
| | A) | Sigmund Freud |
| | B) | Jean Piaget |
| | C) | Lawrence Kohlberg |
| | D) | Charlotte Bühler |
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2 | |
The beginning of adulthood is not defined as when one |
| | A) | leaves school |
| | B) | starts work (full-time) |
| | C) | gets married |
| | D) | has children |
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3 | |
Because of the size of the baby-boom generation |
| | A) | the nation's labor force has rapidly expanded |
| | B) | competition for professional jobs has decreased |
| | C) | the number of teenagers has increased |
| | D) | these individuals now make up one-half of the American population |
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4 | |
Today's young adults (ages 18-27) are called |
| | A) | the independent generation |
| | B) | generation X |
| | C) | generation Z |
| | D) | the sandwich generation |
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5 | |
An important part of the aging transition for young adults of all generations is |
| | A) | graduating from high school |
| | B) | getting a job |
| | C) | moving out of the parental home |
| | D) | getting married |
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6 | |
Younger adults view older adults as being |
| | A) | more desirable to be around than younger adults |
| | B) | equally desirable to be around as younger adults |
| | C) | less desirable to be around than younger adults |
| | D) | sources of authority |
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7 | |
Which adults are more likely to have a positive attitude toward older people? |
| | A) | adult women in middle age who are responsible for their aging parents |
| | B) | young adults who aspire to have careers in psychology |
| | C) | people in the clergy, who are trained to work with the elderly |
| | D) | people who have had a more formal education and experience with a range of adults |
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8 | |
A "double standard of aging" means |
| | A) | women are viewed as aging more quickly than men |
| | B) | men are viewed as aging more quickly than women |
| | C) | women and men are viewed as aging almost equally |
| | D) | women and men are not expected to go through the developmental life stages at the same chronological ages |
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9 | |
Changes in the structure and functioning of the human organism through time best defines |
| | A) | a social clock |
| | B) | biological aging |
| | C) | the BOOM phenomenon |
| | D) | cultural adaptation |
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10 | |
An adult's passing through a socially regulated cycle in his or her assumption and relinquishment of roles through time is called |
| | A) | biological aging |
| | B) | social aging |
| | C) | the BOOM phenomenon |
| | D) | resettlement |
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11 | |
Compulsory school attendance, minimum voting age, and the age at which one gets Social Security benefits are examples of |
| | A) | social norms |
| | B) | age norms |
| | C) | social clock periods |
| | D) | informal expectations |
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12 | |
Although the members of a society tend to share similar expectations about the life cycle, some variations do occur. The social clock in your text indicates |
| | A) | that there has been virtually no change in attitudes over the last 30 years |
| | B) | that there has been a lot of change in attitudes over the last 30 years |
| | C) | that ages have generally gone up |
| | D) | that ages have generally gone down |
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13 | |
Bernice Neugarten's concept of the "young-old" is exemplified by all of the following except |
| | A) | some retirees and their spouses are healthy and vigorous |
| | B) | the line between middle age and old age is no longer clear - it is "blurring" |
| | C) | an 18-year-old is married and supporting a family |
| | D) | a 30-year-old woman has her first child |
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14 | |
The arrangement of people in social layers that are based on periods in the life cycle best defines |
| | A) | an age-grade system |
| | B) | the empty nest |
| | C) | biological aging |
| | D) | the BOOM phenomenon |
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15 | |
Turning points at which individuals change direction in the course of their lives are called |
| | A) | life stages |
| | B) | life events |
| | C) | developmental stressors |
| | D) | constructed realities |
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16 | |
The vast majority of rape victims blame |
| | A) | the rapist |
| | B) | their parents |
| | C) | themselves |
| | D) | society |
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17 | |
Peak years for speed and agility are ages |
| | A) | 15-25 |
| | B) | 17-40 |
| | C) | 18-30 |
| | D) | 20-25 |
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18 | |
For all adults concerned with physical and mental health, ________ affords benefits in both domains. |
| | A) | dieting |
| | B) | exercise |
| | C) | metacognition |
| | D) | less television viewing |
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19 | |
Regarding physical performance, which sense is the one most individuals in early and middle adulthood are most likely to notice changes in? |
| | A) | hearing |
| | B) | touch |
| | C) | smell |
| | D) | vision |
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20 | |
The most common explanation for women's longer life expectancy is |
| | A) | women smoke less |
| | B) | women have two X chromosomes and more estrogen |
| | C) | women are less prone to depression |
| | D) | women keep close ties to children |
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21 | |
Overall, a variety of surveys reveal that mental illness becomes more prevalent as |
| | A) | people approach retirement age |
| | B) | income levels drop |
| | C) | education levels drop |
| | D) | income and education levels drop |
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22 | |
People have found a comfortable fit between themselves and the world - that they "have it all together" if they |
| | A) | are only depressed over aging |
| | B) | have a positive social and psychological perspective |
| | C) | suffer minor role conflicts but have good jobs |
| | D) | have a higher IQ than their parents |
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23 | |
Research has found a positive relationship between stress and |
| | A) | sleep |
| | B) | gender |
| | C) | older students |
| | D) | All of the above |
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24 | |
Stress-resistant individuals display an openness to change, feelings of involvement in what they are doing, and |
| | A) | lowered psychological arousal |
| | B) | heightened sensitivity to other people |
| | C) | more life events experience |
| | D) | a sense of control over events |
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25 | |
Post-formal operational thought is not characterized by an understanding that |
| | A) | knowledge is relativistic |
| | B) | life is full of contradictions and incompatible systems of knowing |
| | C) | information must be processed in smaller rather than larger chunks |
| | D) | information must be integrated |
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26 | |
Sternberg has found that the best problem solvers |
| | A) | execute the steps of encoding, inferring, mapping, applying, and justifying an answer more quickly than poor problem solvers |
| | B) | execute the steps of encoding, inferring, mapping, applying, and justifying more slowly than poor problem solvers |
| | C) | skip steps in the problem-solving process |
| | D) | spend more time on the encoding phase of problem solving than poor problem solvers |
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27 | |
Gilligan, in contrast to Kohlberg's views of moral development, asserts all of the following except |
| | A) | men deem autonomy and competition to be central in life - thus, they regard morality as a system of rules |
| | B) | women deem relationships to play a central role in life; therefore, morality is meant to protect the integrity of relationships |
| | C) | men perceive morality as an obligation to exercise care and to avoid hurting others |
| | D) | men define moral problems in terms of rules and rights, the "justice" approach |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education