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Human Development: Updated, 7/e

James Vander Zanden, Ohio State University
Thomas Crandell, Broome Community College
Corinne Crandell, Broome Community College

Early Adulthood: Emotional and Social Development

Learning Objectives

After completing Chapter 14, you should be able to:

1

Define the following terms central to adult life.

social relationships:

expressive tie:

primary relationship:

instrumental tie:

secondary relationship:

2

Briefly explain each of the following terms or concepts that pertain to patterns of living.

Erikson's intimacy vs. isolation:

intimacy:

historical pattern of lifestyle changes in the United States over the past forty years:

cultural dislocation:

3

Describe the phases of adult male development according to Levinson.

leaving family:

entering adult work:

settling down:

becoming one's own man:

4

Describe the phases of adult female development according to Levinson.

work and family:

re-entering work force:

stocktaking:

5

Explain the factors that deter young adults from leaving home.

6

Compare and contrast some of the features of nonmarital cohabitation with marriage.

historical perspective:

current perspective:

demographics:

research on duration of relationships:

subtle differences from marriage:

likelihood and consequences of "splitting up":

7

Explain each of the following expressions that pertain to sexual orientation.

sexual orientation:

heterosexual orientation:

homosexual orientation:

bisexual orientation:

sexual orientation as a continuum:

aging and gender differences:

"behavior":

8

Referring to anthropologist Murdock's research, define marriage, explain its overall function, and describe the ways in which societies differ in how they structure marriage relationships.

marriage and its functions:

monogamy:

polygyny:

polyandry:

group marriage:

9

Cite the most common marriage lifestyle in the United States, and explain serial monogamy.

10

Explain the two types of nuclear families that most Americans are a part of in their lifetime.

11

Briefly give an historical account of United States families throughout history.

seventeenth century England and New England:

pre-industrial revolution families (prior to 1890s):

early 1900s:

WWII years and pre-1950s:

today's state of families:

12

Cite some shortcomings of Hill's family life cycle model as articulated by Elder.

13

Describe the significance of pregnancy, particularly a first pregnancy, for both a woman and a man, and cite several changes that can be expected in a couple's life.

14

Cite Belsky's findings on insights about the transition to parenthood, with a special emphasis on what makes for a healthier transition.

15

Describe the following factors which affect employed mothers.

historical trends:

statistics:

impact on children:

impact as role models:

16

Describe the variety of explanations for postpartum blues.

17

Explain the following factors that have an impact on single-parent mothers.

historical trends:

current statistics:

time:

economic resources:

stress:

child support:

juvenile delinquency:

social isolation:

18

Explain the significance of work for adults.

why people work:

relationship between childhood characteristics and willingness to work:

19

Describe the challenges women encounter when trying to reenter the labor force.

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