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1 | |
Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning aging in American culture? |
| | A) | Aging is viewed positively by both younger and older generations. |
| | B) | Aging is viewed negatively by only those in the older generations who are experiencing it. |
| | C) | Aging does not, for the majority of Americans, destroy the continuity of who they are. |
| | D) | American senior citizens are more likely to be labeled with masculine characteristics than feminine ones. |
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2 | |
The study of aging and the special problems of the elderly is ________; whereas, the branch of medicine that is concerned with the mental health of elderly persons is ________. |
| | A) | geriatrics; senescence |
| | B) | geriatrics; gerontology |
| | C) | gerontology; geropsychology |
| | D) | senescence; gerontology |
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3 | |
An area of the world where people typically live until very old is |
| | A) | China |
| | B) | Kenya |
| | C) | Soviet Caucasus |
| | D) | Switzerland |
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4 | |
A substantial rise in elderly population will most likely occur around what time, when the baby boom generation passes 65? |
| | A) | 2000-2010 |
| | B) | 2010-2030 |
| | C) | 2020-2040 |
| | D) | 2030-2050 |
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5 | |
The fastest growing part of the American population currently is |
| | A) | those under age 25 |
| | B) | those reaching age 45 |
| | C) | those reaching age 65 |
| | D) | those reaching age 85 |
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6 | |
American population changes will have far-reaching socioeconomic impact, including all of the following except |
| | A) | increased movement of Americans to the south and southwest |
| | B) | increased demand for various resources, such as Social Security, and other government-sponsored programs |
| | C) | increased attention to the dependency needs of the elderly, such as housing and health care |
| | D) | increased political action and involvement |
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7 | |
Women seem to be more durable organisms than men because |
| | A) | of an inherited sex-linked resistance to some types of life-threatening disease |
| | B) | lower levels of late-life estrogen protect them against cardiovascular disease |
| | C) | they eat more balanced diets that are lower in cholesterol |
| | D) | they lead more active and energetic lives |
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8 | |
A major economic trend in the United States over the past five decades has been |
| | A) | more saving promoted by banks offering higher interest rates |
| | B) | growth in the number of Americans dependent upon government aid |
| | C) | a decrease in the standard of living for most Americans |
| | D) | a decrease in programs and support services for older Americans, allowing fewer people to retire |
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9 | |
Regarding the future of the Social Security system, one can probably anticipate that |
| | A) | the number of workers who will contribute to this system will be increasing |
| | B) | the support ratio will be decreasing |
| | C) | by the year 2020, on the basis of current trends, the system will be paying out more than it is taking in |
| | D) | those working Americans who have been contributing will be getting all their money back for their retirement years |
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10 | |
Which of the following statements regarding the Social Security system is the least accurate? |
| | A) | One answer to the problems of the Social Security system has been raising the retirement age. |
| | B) | Today's younger workers must pay Social Security taxes of several thousand dollars a year for their entire working careers. |
| | C) | Critics of the system contend that most people could do much better if they were able to put their Social Security contributions into a private pension plan. |
| | D) | Economists say that we should make Social Security voluntary. |
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11 | |
Which of the following statements is a fact? |
| | A) | Most old people are in poor health. |
| | B) | Less than one-tenth of the elderly who live at home are bedridden and homebound. |
| | C) | Most Americans over 65 find themselves in serious financial straits. |
| | D) | Most of the elderly view crime as a major concern. |
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12 | |
Which of the following statements is least accurate? |
| | A) | Most elderly people are in serious financial straits. |
| | B) | Elderly Americans are in better financial shape than they were three decades ago. |
| | C) | Social Security and retirement benefits are the primary sources of income for most elderly persons. |
| | D) | The economic gap between men and women widens in retirement. |
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13 | |
If a woman is a widow and was not employed during her lifetime, she is likely to receive a monthly Social Security benefit of how much based on her husband's previous benefit of $850? |
| | A) | $850 |
| | B) | about $538 |
| | C) | about $425 |
| | D) | none |
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14 | |
Elderly Americans are more likely to experience |
| | A) | higher incidence of multiple disorders |
| | B) | lower incidence of chronic disease |
| | C) | higher incidence of acute illnesses |
| | D) | multiple serious disorders |
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15 | |
Researchers examining the health of elderly Americans find that |
| | A) | 75 percent of adults have sufficiently active lifestyles |
| | B) | increases in so-called desirable weights for men made over the last three decades are unjustified and are likely to result in higher death rates |
| | C) | energy requirements increase with age |
| | D) | elderly people need fewer nutrients than younger adults |
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16 | |
Elderly women are more likely than men to |
| | A) | experience brief blackouts |
| | B) | absorb drugs rapidly from their intestinal tracts |
| | C) | need calcium supplements to slow or stop osteoporosis |
| | D) | spend a large percentage of their lives without chronic infirmities |
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17 | |
Regarding prescription drug use, |
| | A) | elderly persons absorb drugs more readily from the intestinal tract than younger persons |
| | B) | the average healthy elderly person takes two different prescription medicines per year |
| | C) | a person over age 60 is more likely to suffer adverse side effects than a younger patient |
| | D) | elderly people need higher doses of all medications than younger people |
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18 | |
In order to combat the effects of aging through physical fitness, elderly individuals |
| | A) | need to exercise regularly to replace lost muscle mass |
| | B) | need to perform aerobic activities as well as strength training |
| | C) | need not be concerned with strength training because muscle size does not change with age |
| | D) | need to perform only non-vigorous exercises to increase their life span |
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19 | |
The protein substance that has been implicated in the body's aging process is called |
| | A) | dilantin |
| | B) | primarin |
| | C) | collagen |
| | D) | carotene |
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20 | |
Regarding tendencies in rates of aging, which of the following statements is most accurate? |
| | A) | Aging occurs in a very predictable pattern for men and women. |
| | B) | Sensory functioning declines precede physical/muscular decline. |
| | C) | The rate of aging varies while the tendencies in aging are predictable. |
| | D) | Genetics plays a major role in the rate of aging. |
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21 | |
Which of the following is an accurate description of age-related physical change? |
| | A) | a marked loss of hearing, especially in the lower frequencies |
| | B) | gains in maximum oxygen intake |
| | C) | more sleep with less frequent awakenings |
| | D) | a decline in the number of taste buds |
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22 | |
Most communities, through their own utility companies, accept donations for the elderly poor to heat their living space during the cold months because the elderly are susceptible to a medical condition called |
| | A) | insomnia |
| | B) | hypothermia |
| | C) | hyperthermia |
| | D) | hyposensitivity |
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23 | |
The perspective that there are biological limits as to how long human beings can live is supported by ________, while the perspective that human beings are not programmed to survive very long past the end of their reproductive period is supported by ________. |
| | A) | Fries; Vaupel |
| | B) | Olshansky; Fries |
| | C) | Vaupel; Olshansky |
| | D) | Fries; Olshansky |
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24 | |
Which of the following theories of aging implies that the probability of a random happening increases as the number of events increases? |
| | A) | autoimmune mechanism |
| | B) | genetic preprogramming |
| | C) | stochastic processes |
| | D) | error in DNA |
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25 | |
The biological theory of aging that proposes the body's natural defenses against infection begin to attack normal cells is called ________ theory. |
| | A) | mean time to failure |
| | B) | copying errors |
| | C) | autoimmune mechanism |
| | D) | accumulation of metabolic waste |
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26 | |
Longevity assurance theory, proposed by Sacher, takes a different perspective on the aging process by supporting that |
| | A) | favorable genes that repair other cells are passed along by evolution |
| | B) | the longer you live, the more likely you will continue to live because you have learned how to avoid disaster and illness |
| | C) | "free radicals" help to repair cell functioning |
| | D) | DNA mutations in molecules promote more rapid cell division |
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27 | |
Different procedures for studying the effects of aging provide somewhat different results. Which of the following approaches tends to overestimate the effects of aging? |
| | A) | cross-sectional |
| | B) | longitudinal |
| | C) | statistical |
| | D) | case study |
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28 | |
Research suggests that with respect to aging and memory |
| | A) | a progressive loss of memory necessarily accompanies advancing age |
| | B) | some memory loss is found in an increasing proportion of older people with each advance in chronological age |
| | C) | age-related decreases are more severe for recognition than for recall tasks |
| | D) | there is no clear pattern of problems with memory retrieval |
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29 | |
Which of the following is not characteristic of senility? |
| | A) | progressive mental deterioration |
| | B) | memory loss |
| | C) | disorientation to time and place |
| | D) | impaired hearing |
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30 | |
In the first phase of Alzheimer's disease |
| | A) | the patient experiences multiinfarcts that destroy small areas of brain tissue |
| | B) | individuals forget where things were placed and have difficulty recalling events |
| | C) | there are difficulties in cognitive functioning that cannot be overlooked |
| | D) | hyperthyroidism leads to signs of depression |
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31 | |
Which of the following statements regarding Alzheimer's disease is most accurate? |
| | A) | There is no evidence supporting a genetic source for Alzheimer's disease. |
| | B) | Many adults with Down syndrome eventually develop Alzheimer's lesions. |
| | C) | Alzheimer's-induced senility is an easily treated condition. |
| | D) | Ninety percent of all cases of senility are caused by Alzheimer's disease. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education