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1 | |
In American culture, a pair of blue jeans would be considered which of the following? |
| | A) | a mentifact |
| | B) | a sociofact |
| | C) | an artifact |
| | D) | an ideological subsystem |
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2 | |
From most general to most specific, which is the most accurate hierarchical representation of cultural units? |
| | A) | complex, realm, region, trait |
| | B) | realm, complex, region, trait |
| | C) | realm, region, complex, trait |
| | D) | trait, complex, region, realm |
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3 | |
Individual culture traits that are functionally interrelated comprise a: |
| | A) | culture complex |
| | B) | cultural ethnicity |
| | C) | sociofact |
| | D) | culture hearth |
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4 | |
Religions that tend to be expansionary, seeking to transmit their beliefs to new peoples and areas, are termed: |
| | A) | ethnic |
| | B) | secular |
| | C) | tribal |
| | D) | universalizing |
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5 | |
Cultural convergence refers to: |
| | A) | the fact that not all cultures pass through all stages of cultural development at the same time |
| | B) | the belief that the physical environment by itself shapes humans thought and action |
| | C) | the sharing of technologies, organizational structures, and cultural traits and artifacts by widely separated societies |
| | D) | the fact that, while cultures are essentially conservative, they are always in a state of flux |
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6 | |
When a social group is unresponsive to changing circumstances and innovation, it is said to exhibit: |
| | A) | cultural divergence |
| | B) | cultural convergence |
| | C) | cultural isolation |
| | D) | cultural lag |
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7 | |
Which of the following is not a process of cultural change? |
| | A) | acculturation |
| | B) | diffusion |
| | C) | innovation |
| | D) | segregation |
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8 | |
The belief that the physical world shapes human activity and, therefore, culture, has been labeled: |
| | A) | cultural integration |
| | B) | environmental determinism |
| | C) | the cultural landscape |
| | D) | possibilism |
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9 | |
North Africa and the Middle East are dominated by the language family termed: |
| | A) | Afro-Asiatic |
| | B) | Indo-European |
| | C) | Sudanic |
| | D) | Ural-Altaic |
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10 | |
Changes in culture, both major and minor, are induced by: |
| | A) | spatial diffusion, acculturation, and religion |
| | B) | innovation, spatial diffusion, and acculturation |
| | C) | innovation, language, and religion |
| | D) | language, religion, spatial diffusion |
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11 | |
Which of the following is not an ethnic religion? |
| | A) | Shintoism |
| | B) | Buddhism |
| | C) | Judaism |
| | D) | Hinduism |
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12 | |
What term refers to believing that one’s own ethnic group is superior? |
| | A) | racial superiority |
| | B) | ethnos |
| | C) | ethnocentrism |
| | D) | ethnicity |
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13 | |
The process of the fusion of old and new cultural forms and practices by contact with outside groups is termed: |
| | A) | acculturation |
| | B) | adaptation |
| | C) | amalgamation |
| | D) | syncretism |
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14 | |
Within the United States, Baptists are regionally dominant in the: |
| | A) | Mountain West |
| | B) | New England region |
| | C) | South |
| | D) | Upper Midwest |
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15 | |
Legal and educational systems are components of which subsystem of culture? |
| | A) | ideological |
| | B) | pedagogical |
| | C) | sociological |
| | D) | technological |
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16 | |
Of the four major world religions, the one, which has experienced the most extensive worldwide dispersion, is: |
| | A) | Buddhism |
| | B) | Christianity |
| | C) | Hinduism |
| | D) | Islam |
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17 | |
One distinguishing feature of all culture hearths of the Old World and the Americas is their: |
| | A) | abandonment as centers of culture and settlement in modern times |
| | B) | clustering in a band around the earth between 20 degrees south and 40 degrees north latitude |
| | C) | confinement to lowland river valleys |
| | D) | location on the western sides of continental landmasses |
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18 | |
Purchasing power: |
| | A) | measures the relative purchasing power of local currency |
| | B) | represents personal income based on US dollars |
| | C) | compares purchasing power of males to females |
| | D) | measures import purchases |
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19 | |
The present day spatial distribution of Buddhism is best described as: |
| | A) | China, Tibet, Siberia, Korea |
| | B) | Northern India, China, Southeast Asia |
| | C) | Southeast Asia, Tibet, China, Mongolia, Japan |
| | D) | Tibet, India, Middle East, Japan |
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20 | |
The viewpoint that people, not environments, are the dynamic forces of cultural development is called: |
| | A) | environmental determinism |
| | B) | possibilism |
| | C) | syncretism |
| | D) | civilization |
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21 | |
When immigrants to a country give up many of their past cultural traits, lose their distinguishing characteristics and merge into the mainstream of the dominant culture, they are said to have: |
| | A) | acculturated |
| | B) | amalgamated |
| | C) | adapted |
| | D) | assimilated |
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22 | |
Under which form of economic organization does each sex maintain a respected, productive, coequal role in the kinship group? |
| | A) | industrial |
| | B) | commercial agriculture |
| | C) | hunting and gathering |
| | D) | subsistence agriculture |
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23 | |
The status of women is a cultural spatial variable because: |
| | A) | women are found all over the world |
| | B) | gender relationships and role assignments differ among societies |
| | C) | women follow men in migration |
| | D) | women are the prime producers of agricultural products |
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24 | |
Which of the following is not an effect of popular culture? |
| | A) | uniformity is substituted for differentiation |
| | B) | the individual is exposed to a broader range of available opportunities |
| | C) | it obliterates locally distinctive folk culture lifestyles. |
| | D) | it reinforces tradition and resistance to change. |
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25 | |
Which of the following is not an aspect of material culture? |
| | A) | furniture |
| | B) | tools |
| | C) | folk songs |
| | D) | musical instruments |
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26 | |
Abstract belief systems are known as sociofacts. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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27 | |
New England is considered an early culture hearth of the Americas. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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28 | |
Acculturation usually involves the adoption of characteristics from a dominant culture group. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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29 | |
Considering both paid and unpaid labor, men spend more hours per day working than do women. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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30 | |
The Indo-European language family includes languages spoken in England, Germany, and Iran. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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31 | |
The two most spoken languages are Spanish and Chinese. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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32 | |
The piligrimage to Mecca made at least once in a lifetime by Muslims, if possible, is known as the Ramadan. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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33 | |
Buddhism is older than Hinduism. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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34 | |
Ethnicity always includes race as a defining characteristic. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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35 | |
Taoism was first taught by Lao Tsu in the 6th century B.C.. |
| | A) | True. |
| | B) | False. |
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