For each question below, choose the letter corresponding to the BEST answer.

1		Porosity is: Need a Hint?
			A)	the capacity of a rock to transmit fluid.
			B)	the ability of a sediment to retard water.
			C)	the percentage of a rock's volume that is open space.
			D)	none of the above
2		Permeability is: Need a Hint?
			A)	the capacity of a rock to transmit fluids.
			B)	the ability of a sediment to retard water.
			C)	the percentage of a rock's volume that is openings.
			D)	none of the above
3		The near-surface zone where all pores are filled with water is called: Need a Hint?
			A)	the aquifer.
			B)	the water table.
			C)	the vadose zone.
			D)	the saturated zone.
4		An aquifer is: Need a Hint?
			A)	a body of rock containing water.
			B)	a body of rock that is impermeable.
			C)	a body of rock that retards flow of ground water.
			D)	a body of saturated rock or sediment through which water can move easily.
5		Which rock would most likely form an aquifer? Need a Hint?
			A)	sandstone
			B)	siltsone
			C)	granite
			D)	shale
6		Why would the rock type above make a good aquifer? Need a Hint?
			A)	It is strong, so wells drilled into it don't collapse.
			B)	It has abudant porosity and is often quite permeable.
			C)	It is often quite permeable.
			D)	It has abudant porosity.
7		Which rock type below is likely to possess the highest porosity? Need a Hint?
			A)	shale
			B)	siltsone
			C)	conglomerate
			D)	sandstone
8		Which rock type below is likely to possess the highest permeability? Need a Hint?
			A)	granite
			B)	siltsone
			C)	sandstone
			D)	shale
9		Which of the following determines how quickly groundwater flows? Need a Hint?
			A)	water pressure
			B)	permeability
			C)	elevation
			D)	All of these are important determinants of groundwater flow.
10		Groundwater flows: Need a Hint?
			A)	from areas of high hydraulic head to areas of low hydraulic head.
			B)	from areas of high permeability to areas of low permeability.
			C)	from high elevation to low elevation.
			D)	always downhill.
11		The decline in the level of the water table around a pumping well is known as: Need a Hint?
			A)	the sphere of influence.
			B)	the cone of depression.
			C)	the permeability gradient.
			D)	the porosity parameter.
12		Prolonged withdrawal of water from an aquifer: Need a Hint?
			A)	can alter the porosity or permeability of the aquifer.
			B)	can cause subsidence of the land surface.
			C)	can alter the porosity or permeability of the aquifer.
			D)	all of these
13		The largest reservoir of water on Earth is: Need a Hint?
			A)	water vapor in the atmosphere.
			B)	groundwater.
			C)	polar ice caps.
			D)	the ocean.
14		The top of the water saturated zone is known as: Need a Hint?
			A)	the water table.
			B)	the hydraulic head.
			C)	the aquifer.
			D)	the aquitard.
15		Ground water is: Need a Hint?
			A)	water the leaks into the ground from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs.
			B)	water that has always been underground.
			C)	water from magmatic sources that accumulates underground.
			D)	precipitation that accumulates underground.
16		An artesian well is one: Need a Hint?
			A)	that is developed in an aquitard.
			B)	that flows to the surface without pumping.
			C)	located in the city of Artesia, California.
			D)	where a cone of depression develops around the well when pumped.
17		Geysers and hot springs: Need a Hint?
			A)	are always at very high temperatures.
			B)	are common throughout the world.
			C)	are "Volcanoes of water."
			D)	are caused by groundwater being geothermally heated.
18		Caves and cavern systems are formed by: Need a Hint?
			A)	groundwater dissolving limestone and dolomite.
			B)	removal of water from aquifers.
			C)	water moving through aquifers.
			D)	evacuation of magma chambers during volcanic eruptions.
19		What proportion of Earth's water resources occurs as ground water? Need a Hint?
			A)	33%
			B)	25%
			C)	10%
			D)	less than 1%
20		Gaining streams are those where: Need a Hint?
			A)	water is lost from the stream to the saturated zone.
			B)	water from the saturated zone flows into the stream.
			C)	water is lost from the stream to the vadose zone.
			D)	water from the vadose zone flows into the stream.