For each question below, choose the letter corresponding to the BEST answer.
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1 | |
Alpine glaciation:
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| | A) | cannot be found on Earth today. |
| | B) | is a type of glacier. |
| | C) | exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice. |
| | D) | is found in mountainous regions. |
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2 | |
Continental glaciation:
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| | A) | cannot be found on Earth today. |
| | B) | is a type of glacier. |
| | C) | exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice. |
| | D) | is found in mountainous regions. |
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3 | |
At present, what percentage of Earth's land surface is covered by glaciers?
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| | A) | 0.1 |
| | B) | 5 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 10 |
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4 | |
Which is not a type of glacier?
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| | A) | sea ice |
| | B) | ice cap |
| | C) | ice sheet |
| | D) | valley glacier |
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5 | |
The boundary between the zone ablation and the zone of accumulation is called:
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| | A) | the glacial compensation point. |
| | B) | the fall line. |
| | C) | the equilibrium line. |
| | D) | the tree line. |
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6 | |
The ice caps on Mars are composed mostly of:
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| | A) | carbon dioxide (dry ice). |
| | B) | frozen nitrogen. |
| | C) | water ice. |
| | D) | none of these |
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7 | |
Recently, geologist have been drilling ice sheets for clues about:
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| | A) | the quantity of water stored in glaciers. |
| | B) | astronomical events. |
| | C) | past climates. |
| | D) | the whereabouts of Noah's ark. |
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8 | |
Glacially eroded valleys are typically:
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| | A) | U-shaped. |
| | B) | W-shaped |
| | C) | V-shaped. |
| | D) | S-shaped. |
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9 | |
Which is not a type of moraine?
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| | A) | recessional moraine |
| | B) | lateral moraine |
| | C) | ground moraine |
| | D) | All of these are types of moraine. |
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10 | |
The last episode of widespread continental glaciation in North America was at its peak:
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| | A) | has not ended yet. |
| | B) | 18,000 years ago. |
| | C) | 2 million years ago. |
| | D) | 500,000 years ago. |
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11 | |
Alpine glaciers flow downhill because:
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| | A) | the ice is very strong. |
| | B) | the ice is very thick. |
| | C) | ice behaves as a plastic solid. |
| | D) | the ice is very massive. |
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12 | |
During the last Ice Age, much of Nevada, Utah, and eastern California was covered by:
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| | A) | large lakes. |
| | B) | volcanic ash. |
| | C) | wind-blown silt. |
| | D) | continental glaciers. |
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13 | |
Crevasses form in the surface of glaciers because:
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| | A) | the near-surface ice does not move, but ice beneath it does. |
| | B) | the near-surface ice behaves as a brittle solid. |
| | C) | the near-surface ice is very cold. |
| | D) | the near-surface ice is easily melted. |
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14 | |
The ice that forms continental glaciers originates as:
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| | A) | water precipitated from the atmosphere as snow. |
| | B) | snow that recrystallizes to form ice. |
| | C) | water evaporated from the ocean. |
| | D) | all of these |
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15 | |
Glaciers are capable of:
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| | A) | significant erosion. |
| | B) | significant modification of landscapes. |
| | C) | significant deposition. |
| | D) | all of these |
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16 | |
When continental glaciers were present during the last Ice Age:
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| | A) | sea-level was the same because the mass of ice pushed the continents downward. |
| | B) | sea-level was higher because the mass of ice pushed the continents down. |
| | C) | sea-level was lower. |
| | D) | none of these |
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17 | |
Today, glaciers worldwide are:
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| | A) | receding. |
| | B) | neither advancing nor receding. |
| | C) | advancing. |
| | D) | none of these |
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18 | |
Since the end of the last Ice Age, northern Canada:
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| | A) | has experienced significant uplift. |
| | B) | has been covered by glacial ice. |
| | C) | has been flooded by rising sea-level. |
| | D) | none of these |
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19 | |
Continental glaciers:
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| | A) | are not as cold as alpine glaciers. |
| | B) | flow more slowly than alpine glaciers. |
| | C) | are usually thinner than alpine glaciers. |
| | D) | can be kilometers thick. |
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20 | |
The Theory of Glacial Ages was first articulated in:
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| | A) | the 17th Century |
| | B) | the 18th Century |
| | C) | the 19th Century |
| | D) | the 20th Century |
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