Please answer all questions.
 |
| 1 | |
The average amount of blood in an adult is _____ L. |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 5 |
| | D) | 7 |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
The percentage of blood cells in whole blood is called _____. |
| | A) | plasma |
| | B) | hematocrit |
| | C) | erythrocytes |
| | D) | serum |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
The buffy coat evidenced by separating blood cells is comprised of _____. |
| | A) | erythrocytes |
| | B) | platelets |
| | C) | white cells |
| | D) | platelets and leukocytes |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Which blood components transport most of the gases? |
| | A) | erythrocytes |
| | B) | platelets |
| | C) | leukocytes |
| | D) | plasma |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Each red cell contains about _____% of its volume as the pigment hemoglobin. |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 33 |
| | D) | 66 |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Which cell has no nucleus when it is mature? |
| | A) | platelet |
| | B) | neutrophil |
| | C) | erythrocyte |
| | D) | lymphocyte |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Which of these factors will increase the RBC or RCC? |
| | A) | exercise |
| | B) | dieting |
| | C) | low body temperature |
| | D) | decreased altitudes |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Damaged or old red blood cells are removed by the liver and _____. |
| | A) | kidney |
| | B) | skeletal muscle |
| | C) | bone marrow |
| | D) | spleen |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? |
| | A) | heme |
| | B) | globin |
| | C) | bilirubin |
| | D) | biliverdin |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Iron is stored in the liver in the form of _____. |
| | A) | hemoglobin |
| | B) | transferrin |
| | C) | ferritin |
| | D) | bilirubin |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Which of these is the earliest of this cell line? |
| | A) | reticulocyte |
| | B) | erythrocyte |
| | C) | erythroblast |
| | D) | hemocytoblast |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Red blood cells live around _____ before they disintegrate. |
| | A) | one month |
| | B) | 120 days |
| | C) | 21 days |
| | D) | three months |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Which organ has a primary role in stimulating blood cell formation? |
| | A) | kidney |
| | B) | liver |
| | C) | bone marrow |
| | D) | spleen |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Which of the following is not a site of red blood cell production in the fetus? |
| | A) | bone marrow |
| | B) | kidney |
| | C) | liver |
| | D) | spleen |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Which of the following is a young platelet? |
| | A) | progranulocyte |
| | B) | basophilic band cell |
| | C) | monoblast |
| | D) | megakaryoblast |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Which of these did NOT develop from a myeloblast? |
| | A) | basophil |
| | B) | monocyte |
| | C) | eosinophil |
| | D) | neutrophil |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
Which of the following is least essential for erythrocyte development? |
| | A) | vitamin B12 |
| | B) | vitamin B6 |
| | C) | folic acid |
| | D) | gastric intrinsic factor |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Which of the following is an agranulocyte? |
| | A) | neutrophil |
| | B) | monocyte |
| | C) | basophil |
| | D) | eosinophil |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cell count? |
| | A) | polycythemia |
| | B) | anemia |
| | C) | leukemia |
| | D) | porphyria |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12? |
| | A) | aplastic anemia |
| | B) | pernicious anemia |
| | C) | hemolytic anemia |
| | D) | hemorrhagic anemia |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Which cells are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes? |
| | A) | monocytes |
| | B) | basophils |
| | C) | lymphocytes |
| | D) | neutrophils |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Which cells are the rarest leukocytes? |
| | A) | monocytes |
| | B) | basophils |
| | C) | eosinophils |
| | D) | lymphocytes |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Which white blood cells are the most common? |
| | A) | leukocytes |
| | B) | monocytes |
| | C) | neutrophils |
| | D) | lymphocytes |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Which leukocytes are the largest in the peripheral blood? |
| | A) | monocytes |
| | B) | lymphocytes |
| | C) | basophils |
| | D) | neutrophils |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Which leukocyte does NOT have phagocytic properties? |
| | A) | monocyte |
| | B) | lymphocyte |
| | C) | neutrophil |
| | D) | plymorphonuclear leukocyte |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
The condition called _____ is evidenced by a DIFF over 10,000 per cubic mm of whole blood. |
| | A) | leukemia |
| | B) | polycythemia |
| | C) | leukocytosis |
| | D) | leukopenia |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Which of the following is a probable cause of leukocytosis? |
| | A) | mumps |
| | B) | chickenpox |
| | C) | influenza |
| | D) | appendicitis |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
The ability called _____ explains how a white blood cell could be found in the urine. |
| | A) | phagocytosis |
| | B) | diapedesis |
| | C) | ameboid movement |
| | D) | infection |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
The _____ cells are actively involved with allergies. |
| | A) | eosinophil |
| | B) | erythrocyte |
| | C) | monocyte |
| | D) | neutrophil |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
The _____ cells are the usual sources of heparin. |
| | A) | eosinophil |
| | B) | basophil |
| | C) | lymphocyte |
| | D) | monocyte |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
Which cells release antibodies into the circulation? |
| | A) | monocytes |
| | B) | neutrophils |
| | C) | lymphocytes |
| | D) | basophils |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
What is the most common cancerous condition in children? |
| | A) | myeloid leukemia |
| | B) | lymphoid leukemia |
| | C) | acute lymphoid leukemia |
| | D) | chronic lymphoid leukemia |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
Myeloid leukemia can be evidenced by an increase in _____. |
| | A) | lymphocytes |
| | B) | monocytes |
| | C) | neutrophils |
| | D) | platelets |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Megakaryocytes will differentiate into _____. |
| | A) | monocytes |
| | B) | lymphocytes |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | eosinophils |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
What is a normal platelet count? |
| | A) | 1 million per cubic cc |
| | B) | 200,000 per cubic mm |
| | C) | 1 million per cubic mm |
| | D) | 10,000 per cubic mm |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
Which components of whole blood account for clotting? |
| | A) | erythrocytes |
| | B) | eosinophils |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | neutrophils |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
Which components are the source of serotonin which causes smooth muscle cells to contract? |
| | A) | platelets |
| | B) | lymphocytes |
| | C) | monocytes |
| | D) | basophils |
|
|
|
| 38 | |
What is the most common component in the plasma? |
| | A) | sodium chloride |
| | B) | water |
| | C) | protein |
| | D) | platelets |
|
|
|
| 39 | |
How much of the plasma is protein? |
| | A) | 10% |
| | B) | 7% |
| | C) | 25% |
| | D) | 92% |
|
|
|
| 40 | |
Which is the most abundant of the plasma proteins? |
| | A) | alpha globulin |
| | B) | beta globulin |
| | C) | albumin |
| | D) | fibrinogen |
|
|
|
| 41 | |
What is the most significant factor that helps maintain blood osmotic pressure? |
| | A) | electrolytes |
| | B) | albumin |
| | C) | fibrinogen |
| | D) | globulins |
|
|
|
| 42 | |
Which molecules are the sources of most antibodies? |
| | A) | alpha globulin |
| | B) | beta globulin |
| | C) | albumin |
| | D) | gamma globulin |
|
|
|
| 43 | |
Which protein functions in coagulation? |
| | A) | fibrinogen |
| | B) | albumin |
| | C) | gamma globulin |
| | D) | alpha globulin |
|
|
|
| 44 | |
Which organ has the greatest role in synthesizing most blood nutrients? |
| | A) | intestine |
| | B) | liver |
| | C) | stomach |
| | D) | skeletal muscle |
|
|
|
| 45 | |
Which of these is mainly comprised of triglycerides? |
| | A) | HDL |
| | B) | LDL |
| | C) | VLDL |
| | D) | chylomicron |
|
|
|
| 46 | |
Which of these has the highest proportion of protein? |
| | A) | chylomicron |
| | B) | VLDL |
| | C) | LDL |
| | D) | HDL |
|
|
|
| 47 | |
Which lipoprotein has the highest percentage of cholesterol? |
| | A) | VLDL |
| | B) | LDL |
| | C) | HDL |
| | D) | chylomicron |
|
|
|
| 48 | |
During protein catabolism, _____ is produced as an end product by the liver. |
| | A) | urea |
| | B) | uric acid |
| | C) | creatine |
| | D) | creatinine |
|
|
|
| 49 | |
Which factor promotes the appearance of the platelet plug? |
| | A) | collagen |
| | B) | serotonin |
| | C) | fibrinogen |
| | D) | vasodilation |
|
|
|
| 50 | |
Which mineral is essential for coagulation to occur? |
| | A) | Mg2+ |
| | B) | Ca2+ |
| | C) | Na+ |
| | D) | Fe2+ |
|
|
|
| 51 | |
Which chemical initiates the extrinsic phase of clotting? |
| | A) | fibrin |
| | B) | fibrinogen |
| | C) | thromboplastin |
| | D) | prothrombin |
|
|
|
| 52 | |
Which of the following is NOT always present in the blood? |
| | A) | prothrombin |
| | B) | fibrinogen |
| | C) | calcium |
| | D) | thrombin |
|
|
|
| 53 | |
What converts fibrinogen to fibrin? |
| | A) | prothrombin |
| | B) | thrombin |
| | C) | calcium |
| | D) | thromboplastin |
|
|
|
| 54 | |
Which is the last molecule to appear in a clotting reaction? |
| | A) | fibrinogen |
| | B) | fibrin |
| | C) | thrombin |
| | D) | prothrombin |
|
|
|
| 55 | |
Which of these can dissolve a blood clot? |
| | A) | heparin |
| | B) | plasminogen |
| | C) | plasmin |
| | D) | PDGF |
|
|
|
| 56 | |
Which of these is a procoagulant? |
| | A) | heparin |
| | B) | antithrombin |
| | C) | vitamin K |
| | D) | prostacyclin |
|
|
|
| 57 | |
Which is the rarest ABO blood type? |
| | A) | A |
| | B) | B |
| | C) | AB |
| | D) | O |
|
|
|
| 58 | |
Who is at risk for developing a fatal Rh incompatibility? |
| | A) | any Rh+ fetus |
| | B) | second Rh- fetus of Rh+ mother |
| | C) | second Rh+ fetus of Rh- mother |
| | D) | Rh- mother |
|
|
|
| 59 | |
Select the statement about red blood cells that is incorrect. |
| | A) | Mature red blood cells lack nuclei. |
| | B) | Red blood cells contain hemoglobin. |
| | C) | Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen. |
| | D) | Red blood cells lack mitochondria. |
|
|
|
| 60 | |
The precursor of all lines of blood cells is the _______________. |
| | A) | myeloblast |
| | B) | hemocytoblast |
| | C) | proerythroblast |
| | D) | progranulocyte |
|
|
|
| 61 | |
When red blood cells are worn out, part of their components are recycled while others are disposed. Select the incorrect statement about destruction of red blood cells. |
| | A) | The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow. |
| | B) | Iron is carried to the bone marrow by a protein called transferrin. |
| | C) | Biliverdin and bilirubin impart color to bile. |
| | D) | Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy worn out red blood cells. |
|
|
|
| 62 | |
Which dietary component(s) is/are needed for DNA synthesis, and thus greatly influence the production of red blood cells? |
| | A) | calcium |
| | B) | iron |
| | C) | vitamin B12 and folic acid |
| | D) | protein |
|
|
|
| 63 | |
The type of anemia that is fairly common and caused by insufficient dietary iron is ______________. |
| | A) | aplastic anemia |
| | B) | pernicious anemia |
| | C) | hemolytic anemia |
| | D) | iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
|
| 64 | |
The type of white blood cell that is often the first to arrive at the site of infection is a granulocyte, and contains granules that stains light purple is a _______________. |
| | A) | basophil |
| | B) | eosinophil |
| | C) | neutrophil |
| | D) | monocyte |
|
|
|
| 65 | |
The largest cells in the blood that leave the bloodstream to become macrophages are the _______________. |
| | A) | eosinophils |
| | B) | monocytes |
| | C) | basophils |
| | D) | neutrophils |
|
|
|
| 66 | |
A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from ____________. |
| | A) | allergies or internal parasites |
| | B) | anemia |
| | C) | an autoimmune disease |
| | D) | diabetes |
|
|
|
| 67 | |
An acute infection would show up in a blood count as ______________. |
| | A) | leukopenia |
| | B) | leukocytosis |
| | C) | too few helper T cells |
| | D) | thrombocytopenia |
|
|
|
| 68 | |
Which plasma proteins help transport lipids in the bloodstream? |
| | A) | albumins |
| | B) | alpha and beta globulins |
| | C) | fibrinogen |
| | D) | gamma globulins |
|
|
|
| 69 | |
Sedentary people with elevated triglyceride levels who continue to eat fatty foods are likely to have high levels of ____________ in their bloodstream. |
| | A) | high-density lipoprotein (HDL) |
| | B) | low-density lipoprotein (LDL) |
| | C) | very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) |
| | D) | chylomicrons |
|
|
|
| 70 | |
Choose the correct order for the steps of hemostasis. |
| | A) | blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm |
| | B) | platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm |
| | C) | blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation |
| | D) | blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation |
|
|
|
| 71 | |
Which clotting factor is released from damaged tissue, and initiates a chain of clotting events? |
| | A) | prothrombin |
| | B) | thrombin |
| | C) | fibrin |
| | D) | tissue thromboplastin |
|
|
|
| 72 | |
Which blood cell can be described as being a biconcave disc? |
| | A) | platelet |
| | B) | neutrophil |
| | C) | eosinophil |
| | D) | erythrocyte |
|
|
|
| 73 | |
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? |
| | A) | erythrocyte |
| | B) | serum |
| | C) | leukocyte |
| | D) | platelet |
|
|
|
| 74 | |
Which of the following directly defines the transportation of oxygen? |
| | A) | hemoglobin |
| | B) | oxyhemoglobin |
| | C) | reduced hemoglobin |
| | D) | red cell count |
|
|
|
| 75 | |
Red blood cells survive around _____ days. |
| | A) | 120 |
| | B) | 240 |
| | C) | 10 |
| | D) | 360 |
|
|
|
| 76 | |
Which of the following indicates a normal white blood cell count? |
| | A) | 1 million per mm3 |
| | B) | 15,000 per cm3 |
| | C) | 10,000 per mm3 |
| | D) | 3,000 per mm3 |
|
|
|
| 77 | |
Which of these cell types should NOT be grouped with the others? |
| | A) | neutrophil |
| | B) | lymphocyte |
| | C) | eosinophil |
| | D) | basophil |
|
|
|
| 78 | |
Which type of condition is directly related to bone marrow suppression? |
| | A) | aplastic anemia |
| | B) | anemia |
| | C) | sickle cell anemia |
| | D) | megaloblastic anemia |
|
|
.