Please answer all questions.
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| 1 | |
Where is the heart specifically located? |
| | A) | thoracic cavity |
| | B) | mediastinum |
| | C) | pleural cavity |
| | D) | ventral cavity |
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| 2 | |
The apical heartbeat in an adult is best heard at the level of the _____. |
| | A) | diaphragm |
| | B) | first rib |
| | C) | fifth intercostal space |
| | D) | seventh intercostal space |
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| 3 | |
The membrane closest to the heart muscle is the _____. |
| | A) | fibrous pericardium |
| | B) | visceral pericardium |
| | C) | parietal pericardium |
| | D) | peritoneum |
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| 4 | |
What is a prominent symptom of pericarditis? |
| | A) | increase in blood pressure |
| | B) | an irregular heart beat |
| | C) | severe chest pain |
| | D) | high fever |
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| 5 | |
Which part of the heart is usually damaged by scarlet fever or syphilis? |
| | A) | pericardium |
| | B) | myocardium |
| | C) | epicardium |
| | D) | endocardium |
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| 6 | |
The atrioventricular sulcus separates the _____. |
| | A) | atria and ventricle areas |
| | B) | right from left ventricle |
| | C) | right atrium from right ventricle |
| | D) | right from left atrium |
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| 7 | |
Blood from the cardiac muscle itself drains into the _____. |
| | A) | superior vena cava |
| | B) | left ventricles |
| | C) | right ventricle |
| | D) | coronary sinus |
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| 8 | |
The superior vena cava enters the _____ of the heart. |
| | A) | right ventricle |
| | B) | right atrium |
| | C) | left atrium |
| | D) | left ventricle |
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| 9 | |
Mitral valve prolapse is a condition, which causes blood to back flow into the _____. |
| | A) | right atrium |
| | B) | right ventricle |
| | C) | left atrium |
| | D) | left ventricle |
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| 10 | |
The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents back flow of blood into the _____. |
| | A) | right atrium |
| | B) | left atrium |
| | C) | right ventricle |
| | D) | left ventricle |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following contains blood with a relatively high oxygen content? |
| | A) | left ventricle |
| | B) | right ventricle |
| | C) | right atrium |
| | D) | superior vena cava |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following contains blood with a relatively low oxygen content? |
| | A) | left ventricle |
| | B) | aorta |
| | C) | pulmonary vein |
| | D) | pulmonary artery |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? |
| | A) | right coronary artery |
| | B) | left coronary artery |
| | C) | circumflex artery |
| | D) | anterior interventricular artery |
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| 14 | |
Which term indicates that tissue in the heart has died? |
| | A) | coronary thrombosis |
| | B) | angina pectoris |
| | C) | ischemia |
| | D) | infarction |
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| 15 | |
Which term refers to the severe chest pain evident during an attack of myocardial ischemia? |
| | A) | hypoxia |
| | B) | infarction |
| | C) | angina |
| | D) | diaphoresis |
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| 16 | |
When does blood flow into the coronary arteries? |
| | A) | during ventricular contraction |
| | B) | during atrial contraction |
| | C) | when the heart is at rest |
| | D) | during ventricular relaxation |
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| 17 | |
About _____% of the atrial blood flows into the ventricles before the atria contract. |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 70 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 30 |
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| 18 | |
The atria will empty during ______. |
| | A) | atrial diastole |
| | B) | atrial systole |
| | C) | ventricular diastole |
| | D) | ventricular systole |
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| 19 | |
The first heart sound results when the _____. |
| | A) | ventricle contracts |
| | B) | semilunar valves close |
| | C) | A-V valves close |
| | D) | atria contract |
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| 20 | |
A stethoscope placed at the tip of the sternum will best be able to detect which sound? |
| | A) | tricuspid valve |
| | B) | bicuspid valve |
| | C) | aortic |
| | D) | pulmonary |
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| 21 | |
Which fiber system is the first to depolarize in a cardiac cycle? |
| | A) | atrioventricular node |
| | B) | sinoatrial node |
| | C) | bundle of His |
| | D) | Purkinje fibers |
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| 22 | |
Which chamber of the heart contains the pacemaker? |
| | A) | right ventricle |
| | B) | right atrium |
| | C) | left ventricle |
| | D) | left atrium |
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| 23 | |
The _____ allows the atria to communicate with the ventricles. |
| | A) | SA node |
| | B) | A-V bundle |
| | C) | A-V node |
| | D) | Purkinje fibers |
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| 24 | |
Which part of the heart is the last to become excited during a cardiac cycle? |
| | A) | apex |
| | B) | atria |
| | C) | ventricular septum |
| | D) | superior ventricular region |
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| 25 | |
Which area allows the atria to completely empty as the ventricles fill with blood? |
| | A) | A-V node |
| | B) | A-V bundle |
| | C) | S-A node |
| | D) | Purkinje fibers |
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| 26 | |
The cardiac reflex control centers are located within the _____. |
| | A) | hypothalamus |
| | B) | medulla oblongata |
| | C) | aorta |
| | D) | heart |
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| 27 | |
The baroreceptors located in the _____ respond to stretching by slowing the rate of the heart. |
| | A) | medulla |
| | B) | aortic arch |
| | C) | jugular vein |
| | D) | heart |
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| 28 | |
The purpose of the medullary cardiac centers is to _____. |
| | A) | increase heart rate |
| | B) | decrease heart rate |
| | C) | maintain heart rate |
| | D) | maintain blood pressure |
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| 29 | |
The increase in heart rate caused by seeing a wild dog run after you is probably the result of the _____. |
| | A) | medullary accelerator center |
| | B) | hypothalamus |
| | C) | sympathetic nerves |
| | D) | increase in blood pressure |
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| 30 | |
Where does the repolarization of the atria occur? |
| | A) | P wave |
| | B) | QRS complex |
| | C) | T wave |
| | D) | U wave |
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| 31 | |
The time taken for an impulse to travel from the S-A to the A-V node is evidenced in the _____. |
| | A) | QRS complex |
| | B) | S-T interval |
| | C) | P-Q interval |
| | D) | QRS-T interval |
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| 32 | |
The most serious and life threatening arrhythmia of the heart is _____. |
| | A) | tachycardia |
| | B) | bradycardia |
| | C) | flutter |
| | D) | fibrillation |
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| 33 | |
An ectopic pacemaker causes the arrhythmia called a _____. |
| | A) | flutter |
| | B) | premature beat |
| | C) | fibrillation |
| | D) | bradycardia event |
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| 34 | |
The _____ layer of an artery contains the greatest amount of smooth muscle. |
| | A) | endothelium |
| | B) | tunica intima |
| | C) | tunica media |
| | D) | tunica adventitia |
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| 35 | |
Which of the following does NOT have the ability to contract? |
| | A) | veins |
| | B) | arteries |
| | C) | venules |
| | D) | capillaries |
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| 36 | |
Which capillary beds have the greatest permeability? |
| | A) | liver |
| | B) | smooth muscle |
| | C) | pancreas |
| | D) | heart |
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| 37 | |
Which area contains the tightest capillary endothelial junctions? |
| | A) | spleen |
| | B) | skeletal muscle |
| | C) | brain |
| | D) | thyroid gland |
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| 38 | |
Which of these areas totally lack capillaries? |
| | A) | spinal cord |
| | B) | cartilage |
| | C) | dermis |
| | D) | gall bladder |
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| 39 | |
Which factor assists venous return to the heart? |
| | A) | valves |
| | B) | inspiration |
| | C) | skeletal muscle |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 40 | |
The highest pressure exerted by the heart is called the _____. |
| | A) | systolic pressure |
| | B) | diastolic pressure |
| | C) | pulse pressure |
| | D) | mean arterial pressure |
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| 41 | |
The condition called _____ is characterized by some defect or weakness in a vessel wall. |
| | A) | phlebitis |
| | B) | aneurysm |
| | C) | arteriosclerosis |
| | D) | atherosclerosis |
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| 42 | |
The obstructive accumulation of cholesterol in a vessel is the result of _____. |
| | A) | arteriosclerosis |
| | B) | phlebitis |
| | C) | atherosclerosis |
| | D) | plaque |
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| 43 | |
The average blood pressure in an artery is the _____. |
| | A) | diastolic |
| | B) | systolic |
| | C) | 120/80 mmHg |
| | D) | mean arterial |
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| 44 | |
The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute is calculated from which formula? |
| | A) | heart rate + stroke volume |
| | B) | heart rate X stroke volume |
| | C) | heart rate divided by stroke volume |
| | D) | heart rate - stroke volume |
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| 45 | |
The three factors that contribute to arterial blood pressure are cardiac output, blood volume and _____. |
| | A) | viscosity |
| | B) | resistance |
| | C) | valves |
| | D) | heart rate |
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| 46 | |
The central venous pressure is the pressure in the _____. |
| | A) | superior vena cava |
| | B) | right atrium |
| | C) | left atrium |
| | D) | jugular veins |
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| 47 | |
Which are the first vessels to branch off the aorta? |
| | A) | right subclavian |
| | B) | left subclavian |
| | C) | brachiocephalic |
| | D) | coronary arteries |
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| 48 | |
The three arteries that arise from the aortic arch are the left subclavian, left common carotid and _____. |
| | A) | right subclavian |
| | B) | right common carotid |
| | C) | brachiocephalic |
| | D) | celiac |
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| 49 | |
The left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries come from the _____. |
| | A) | superior mesenteric |
| | B) | celiac |
| | C) | splanchnic |
| | D) | inferior mesenteric |
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| 50 | |
The diaphragm is supplied by the _____ artery. |
| | A) | phrenic |
| | B) | suprarenal |
| | C) | adrenal |
| | D) | gonadal |
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| 51 | |
The following vessels will direct blood to the brain except which one? |
| | A) | common carotid |
| | B) | internal carotid |
| | C) | vertebral |
| | D) | jugular |
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| 52 | |
The brachial artery divides into the radial and _____. |
| | A) | axillary |
| | B) | ulnar |
| | C) | cephalic |
| | D) | subclavian |
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| 53 | |
The _____ will send blood into the femoral artery. |
| | A) | external iliac |
| | B) | internal iliac |
| | C) | pudendal |
| | D) | popliteal |
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| 54 | |
The _____ vein represents a functional connection between the superior and inferior vena cavae. |
| | A) | thoracic |
| | B) | azygos |
| | C) | intercostal |
| | D) | cephalic |
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| 55 | |
The superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the _____ vein. |
| | A) | hepatic |
| | B) | hepatic portal |
| | C) | gastric |
| | D) | inferior mesenteric |
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| 56 | |
The longest vein in the body is the _____. |
| | A) | femoral |
| | B) | gluteal |
| | C) | brachial |
| | D) | saphenous |
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| 57 | |
In an ECG, where does the depolarization of the atria occur? |
| | A) | P wave |
| | B) | QRS complex |
| | C) | T wave |
| | D) | U wave |
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| 58 | |
Which layer of the following serves the dual purpose of forming the inner layer of the pericardium and forming the outermost wall of the heart? |
| | A) | fibrous pericardium |
| | B) | parietal pericardium |
| | C) | visceral pericardium |
| | D) | myocardium |
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| 59 | |
The bicuspid valve __________________. |
| | A) | is located on the left side of the heart |
| | B) | guards the auricles of the heart |
| | C) | guards the entrance to the aorta |
| | D) | guards the entrance to the pulmonary trunk |
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| 60 | |
Freshly oxygenated blood enters the heart through the ______________, and is pumped out the _____________. |
| | A) | right atrium; aorta |
| | B) | left atrium; aorta |
| | C) | right ventricle; pulmonary arteries |
| | D) | left ventricle; pulmonary arteries |
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| 61 | |
Someone suffering a heart attack in his anterior lower right ventricle probably had a blockage in which coronary artery? |
| | A) | anterior interventricular artery |
| | B) | circumflex artery |
| | C) | posterior interventricular artery |
| | D) | marginal artery |
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| 62 | |
When do the AV valves close during the cardiac cycle? |
| | A) | when pressure inside the ventricles is at its lowest |
| | B) | when pressure inside the atria is greater than that inside the ventricles |
| | C) | when ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria |
| | D) | when pressure is greater in the aorta than in the left ventricle |
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| 63 | |
How does the impulse to contract slow down slightly before it is transferred into the ventricles? |
| | A) | It makes a detour and travels to the brain and back. |
| | B) | There is a parasympathetic brake on the AV node. |
| | C) | Junctional fibers leading into the AV node have very small diameters. |
| | D) | The skeleton of the heart prevents the impulse from being transmitted rapidly. |
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| 64 | |
What does the electrocardiogram (ECG) QRS wave indicate is happening in the heart? |
| | A) | The atria are depolarizing. |
| | B) | The ventricles are depolarizing while the atria repolarize. |
| | C) | The ventricles are repolarizing. |
| | D) | The heart is at rest. |
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| 65 | |
Which artery supplies blood to the ilium and muscles of the lower back? |
| | A) | aorta |
| | B) | common iliac artery |
| | C) | internal iliac artery |
| | D) | iliolumbar artery |
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| 66 | |
A deep wound to the upper thigh might damage the _____________ artery. |
| | A) | femoral |
| | B) | popliteal |
| | C) | anterior tibial |
| | D) | peroneal |
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| 67 | |
Blood is drained from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck by the _______________. |
| | A) | carotid arteries |
| | B) | external jugular veins |
| | C) | internal jugular veins |
| | D) | brachiocephalic veins |
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| 68 | |
A unique venous system, called the ________________, carries blood directly from the intestines to the liver for processing rather than directly into the inferior vena cava. |
| | A) | hepatic portal system |
| | B) | superior mesenteric vein |
| | C) | saphenous vein |
| | D) | gonadal vein |
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| 69 | |
The inability of the left ventricle to pump blood adequately to the body's cells is indicative of ________________. |
| | A) | an embolus |
| | B) | cardiac tamponade |
| | C) | congestive heart failure |
| | D) | asystole |
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| 70 | |
A condition in which there is a congenital predisposition for a ruptured aorta is _____________. |
| | A) | a metabolic disorder of fatty acid metabolism |
| | B) | Marfan syndrome |
| | C) | Niemann-Pick type C disease |
| | D) | Coronary artery disease |
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| 71 | |
Which membrane is closest to the heart muscle? |
| | A) | pericardial sac |
| | B) | fibrous pericardium |
| | C) | parietal pericardium |
| | D) | visceral pericardium |
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| 72 | |
How many openings are there in the right atrium? |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 2 |
| | C) | 3 |
| | D) | 4 |
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| 73 | |
The _____ valve lies between the right atrium and right ventricle. |
| | A) | bicuspid |
| | B) | aortic semilunar |
| | C) | pulmonary semilunar |
| | D) | tricuspid |
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| 74 | |
The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents a backflow of blood into the _____. |
| | A) | pulmonary artery |
| | B) | right ventricle |
| | C) | left ventricle |
| | D) | right atrium |
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| 75 | |
The aortic semilunar valve prevents blood from returning to the _____. |
| | A) | left ventricle |
| | B) | aorta |
| | C) | right ventricle |
| | D) | left atrium |
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| 76 | |
Which structure contains the lowest amount of oxygen? |
| | A) | pulmonary vein |
| | B) | aorta |
| | C) | vena cava |
| | D) | left ventricle |
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| 77 | |
Cardiac output can be determined by which of the following formulas? |
| | A) | HR - SV |
| | B) | HR divided by SV |
| | C) | HR + SV |
| | D) | HR x SV |
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| 78 | |
The central cardiac control region is in the _____ of the brain. |
| | A) | hypothalamus |
| | B) | medulla oblongata |
| | C) | cerebellum |
| | D) | pons |
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| 79 | |
The T wave of an electrocardiogram represents which event? |
| | A) | ventricular depolarization |
| | B) | atrial repolarization |
| | C) | ventricular repolarization |
| | D) | atrial depolarization |
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| 80 | |
A heartbeat of less than 60 beats per minute is called _____. |
| | A) | tachycardia |
| | B) | bradycardia |
| | C) | arrhythmia |
| | D) | fibrillation |
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