Please answer all questions.
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| 1 | |
Genes are segments of DNA that code for the _____. |
| | A) | trait of hair color |
| | B) | synthesis of proteins |
| | C) | muscle contraction |
| | D) | the function of insulin |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following is NOT true of chromosomes? |
| | A) | contain DNA |
| | B) | coated with histones |
| | C) | 46 in mitotic cells |
| | D) | visible at all times |
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| 3 | |
The genes for cystic fibrosis are located on chromosome number _____. |
| | A) | 4 |
| | B) | 7 |
| | C) | 17 |
| | D) | 21 |
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| 4 | |
Huntington disease is associated with chromosome _____. |
| | A) | 4 |
| | B) | 7 |
| | C) | 17 |
| | D) | 21 |
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| 5 | |
When does the chromosome number reach 92? |
| | A) | never |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | before prophase |
| | D) | metaphase |
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| 6 | |
Persons with dark skin who produce offspring with the same color have genes that are probably _____. |
| | A) | heterozygous for melanin |
| | B) | different alleles |
| | C) | heterozygous for melanin enzymes |
| | D) | homozygous for melanin enzymes |
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| 7 | |
Which organ system is NOT significantly affected by Cystic fibrosis? |
| | A) | nervous |
| | B) | pulmonary |
| | C) | gastrointestinal |
| | D) | reproductive |
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| 8 | |
The term __________ refers to having two different gene alleles. |
| | A) | homozygous |
| | B) | heterozygous |
| | C) | autosomal |
| | D) | karyotype |
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| 9 | |
Sickle cell genes are present in _____% of the American population with central African ancestry. |
| | A) | 8 |
| | B) | 18 |
| | C) | 48 |
| | D) | 2 |
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| 10 | |
The genes for sickle cell anemia are inherited as a form of _____. |
| | A) | heterozygous recessive |
| | B) | autosomal recessive |
| | C) | incomplete dominance |
| | D) | codominance |
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| 11 | |
When will a person with sickle cell trait develop symptoms? |
| | A) | every day |
| | B) | under hypoxia |
| | C) | never |
| | D) | exercising |
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| 12 | |
The genes for the ABO blood types are _____. |
| | A) | alleles |
| | B) | incomplete dominant |
| | C) | codominant |
| | D) | recessive |
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| 13 | |
Persons with blood type B have the _____ agglutinogens (antigen). |
| | A) | A |
| | B) | B |
| | C) | A and B |
| | D) | neither A or B |
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| 14 | |
Which blood type could these parents NOT produce in their children, AO and BB? |
| | A) | B |
| | B) | AB |
| | C) | Rh+ |
| | D) | O |
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| 15 | |
The final height of a child is determined by _____. |
| | A) | the height of the parents |
| | B) | the height of the grandparents |
| | C) | polygenic inheritance |
| | D) | recessive inheritance |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following affects the expression in an individual with a homozygous recessive trait? |
| | A) | the health of the mother |
| | B) | disease in the father |
| | C) | diet |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 17 | |
The result of meiosis is to produce _____. |
| | A) | the zygote |
| | B) | 23 chromosomes |
| | C) | 46 chromosomes |
| | D) | oogonia |
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| 18 | |
Which term refers to the inheritance of traits that require two genes? |
| | A) | phenotype |
| | B) | genotype |
| | C) | recessive |
| | D) | dominant |
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| 19 | |
When a physician questions a patient about their family history, they are gathering evidence to construct a___________. |
| | A) | diagnosis |
| | B) | prognosis |
| | C) | pedigree |
| | D) | Punnett square |
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| 20 | |
How is familial hypercholesterolemia usually inherited? |
| | A) | incomplete dominance |
| | B) | codominant |
| | C) | recessive |
| | D) | sex-linked |
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| 21 | |
Diseases that display different symptoms and signs for the same disease are displaying ____. |
| | A) | heterogeneity |
| | B) | pleiotropy |
| | C) | penetrance |
| | D) | polygenicity |
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| 22 | |
The SRY gene causes expression of ____ chromosome genes. |
| | A) | X |
| | B) | Y |
| | C) | autosome |
| | D) | X or Y |
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| 23 | |
Traits only transferred from fathers to their sons are associated with the ___ chromosome. |
| | A) | X |
| | B) | Y |
| | C) | number 13 |
| | D) | number 21 |
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| 24 | |
Which of these conditions is usually NOT found in females? |
| | A) | blood clotting disorders |
| | B) | acromegaly |
| | C) | muscular dystrophy |
| | D) | Duchenne dystrophy |
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| 25 | |
The growth of facial hair is an example of ___________. |
| | A) | sex-linked inheritance |
| | B) | sex-limited trait expression |
| | C) | sex-influenced inheritance |
| | D) | dominant genetics |
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| 26 | |
What is the probability of there being a recessive gene in the gametes from a parent who is Aa (assuming "a" is recessive)? |
| | A) | 10% |
| | B) | 25% |
| | C) | 50% |
| | D) | 75% |
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| 27 | |
Which offspring result from Aa and aa parents? |
| | A) | all aa |
| | B) | all AA |
| | C) | AA, Aa, Aa, aa |
| | D) | aa, aa, Aa, Aa |
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| 28 | |
The inheritance of maleness is caused by a _____ chromosome pattern. |
| | A) | autosomal |
| | B) | Y |
| | C) | XY |
| | D) | XX |
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| 29 | |
Which type of condition can only be passed from the father to his sons? |
| | A) | sex linked recessive |
| | B) | sex linked dominant |
| | C) | holandric |
| | D) | autosomal |
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| 30 | |
Which of the following is NOT an X-linked recessive condition? |
| | A) | hemophilia A |
| | B) | color blindness |
| | C) | von Willebrand's |
| | D) | optic atrophy |
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| 31 | |
The condition _____ is characterized by a deficiency of plasma thromboplastin component (factor IX). |
| | A) | hepatocarcinoma |
| | B) | microphthalmia |
| | C) | hemophilia B |
| | D) | coloboma iridis |
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| 32 | |
Which term is correctly used to describe all Down's person's? |
| | A) | aneuploidy |
| | B) | trisomy 21 |
| | C) | polyploidy |
| | D) | translocation |
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| 33 | |
Which of the following is associated with Down's syndrome? |
| | A) | XO |
| | B) | XYY |
| | C) | 21, 21, 21 |
| | D) | trisomy 22 |
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| 34 | |
The term for prenatal genetic testing using sloughed-off fetal cells is called ____. |
| | A) | AFP |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villus sampling |
| | D) | CEA |
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| 35 | |
Which of the following is NOT usually seen in Down's syndrome? |
| | A) | kidney defects |
| | B) | heart defects |
| | C) | skeletal deformities |
| | D) | mental retardation |
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| 36 | |
How many genes are believed to constitute the human genome? |
| | A) | one million |
| | B) | ten million |
| | C) | 100,000 |
| | D) | 40,000 |
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| 37 | |
During which meiotic division is the number of chromosomes halved? |
| | A) | during meiosis I |
| | B) | during meiosis II |
| | C) | prior to meiosis I, during the S phase |
| | D) | after meiosis II |
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| 38 | |
Choose the recessive human trait from the list that follows. |
| | A) | widow's peak |
| | B) | cheek dimples |
| | C) | hairless forearms |
| | D) | freckles |
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| 39 | |
Which of these does NOT contribute to increasing genetic variability? |
| | A) | meiosis |
| | B) | crossing-over |
| | C) | having children with a close relative |
| | D) | having children with someone who is NOT a relative |
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| 40 | |
Several variant forms of a gene for a given trait are called ______________. |
| | A) | autosomes |
| | B) | alleles |
| | C) | sex chromosomes |
| | D) | histones |
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| 41 | |
A person who can pass either a widow's peak or straight hairline to the next generation is said to be _______________ for the hairline trait. |
| | A) | homozygous |
| | B) | heterozygous |
| | C) | incompletely dominant |
| | D) | recessive |
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| 42 | |
If a recessive trait, such as hemophilia, occurs more often in males than in females, it is because the gene for the trait is most likely carried on ________________. |
| | A) | the X chromosome |
| | B) | the Y chromosome |
| | C) | a mutant allele |
| | D) | an autosome |
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| 43 | |
If Chris, who carries the gene for cystic fibrosis but does NOT have the disease, fathers a child with Rhonda, who also carries the cystic fibrosis gene but does NOT have the disease, what is the likelihood that their first-born will have cystic fibrosis? |
| | A) | 75% chance |
| | B) | 50% chance |
| | C) | 25% chance |
| | D) | 0% chance |
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| 44 | |
What is an example of a codominant trait in humans? |
| | A) | sickle cell disease |
| | B) | Huntington disease |
| | C) | ABO blood groups |
| | D) | Tay-Sachs disease |
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| 45 | |
Traits that are controlled by one or more genes and influenced by the environment are said to be _________________. |
| | A) | incompletely dominant |
| | B) | multifactorial |
| | C) | polygenic |
| | D) | incompletely penetrant |
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| 46 | |
The fact that a woman cannot generally grow a beard is because beard growth is a(n) ________________ trait. |
| | A) | completely penetrant |
| | B) | pleiotropic |
| | C) | sex-limited |
| | D) | sex-influenced |
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| 47 | |
The normal chromosome number is referred to as _____________. |
| | A) | euploid |
| | B) | aneuploid |
| | C) | polyploid |
| | D) | tetraploid |
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| 48 | |
The last pair of 23 chromosomes is referred to as the _____. |
| | A) | karyotype |
| | B) | autosomes |
| | C) | nondisjunction chromosomes |
| | D) | sex chromosomes |
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| 49 | |
Which chromosomes indicate a normal male fetus? |
| | A) | XX |
| | B) | XXY |
| | C) | XY |
| | D) | XYY |
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