| statistical hypotheses | predictions about a population based on sample results
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| gambler's fallacy | the mistaken belief that the probability of a particular event changes with a long string of the same event
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| probability | the proportion of times an event would occur if the chances for occurrence were infinite
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| theoretical probability | the way things are supposed to work according to probability theory
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| real-world probability | probability based on experiential data
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| personal (subjective) probability | probability based on an individual's experience
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| Bayesian statistics | statistics that uses subjective probability as a starting point for assessing a subsequent probability
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| addition rule of probability | for independent events, the probability of either one event or another is equal to the sum of the probabilities of the individual events
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| multiplication rule of probability | the probability of two or more independent events occurring on separate occasions is the product of their individual probabilities
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| independent events | events for which the occurrence of one event does not alter the probability of any other event
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| nonindependent events | events for which the occurrence of one event alters the probability of any other event
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| conditional probability | the probability of an event given that another event has already occurred
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| binomial distribution | probability distribution based on events for which there are only two possible outcomes on each occurrence
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education