True or False


1	Everyone agrees that there is only one valid approach to reconciling the wide range of values appealed to in defense of various environmental policy prescriptions: forget the need to attain a unity of value rationales and focus on finding agreement on specific policy recommendations.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


2	Non-ecocentric approaches to the environment assume that only individual beings can be the holders of ethical value. Ecocentrists, in contrast, extend that concept to ecological wholes, like ecosystems, populations, and species.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


3	Using natural objects as resources is, per se, of itself, an important ethical issue from the ecocentric perspective.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


4	In one area of emerging environmental policy consensus, the real ethical issue in the debate over the use of nonhuman natural objects as resources is not that we use them, but which objects we use, how, what for and the rate at which we use them.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


5	According to William Baxter, the optimal level of pollution can be achieved through competitive markets because society, through the activities of individuals, will be willing to pay for pollution reduction as long as the perceived benefits outweigh the costs.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


6	Market solutions to environmental pollution fallaciously presume that what is good and rational for a collection of individuals is necessarily good and rational for a society. As a result, important ethical and policy questions can be missed and that can lead to serious environmental harm. Under the market model, for example, restricting sales of sports utility vehicles (SUV's) and treating them as trucks with higher gas mileage standards or increasing taxes on gasoline would never be considered.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


7	Although beliefs are objective and subject to rational evaluation, there is no reason not to judge the validity of a person's belief by a person's willingness to pay for it. Therefore, economic analysis legitimately includes beliefs in addressing environmental policy.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


8	Norman Bowie believes that in addition to the moral minimum requirement of obeying the law, causing no avoidable harm to humans, and refraining from unduly influencing environmental legislation, it is conceivable that business may still have other special environmental responsibilities and obligations.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


9	If productive activities used in the classical model of economics continue, the entire model will prove unstable because these activities may move resources through the system at a rate that outgrows the productive capacity of the earth or the earth's capacity to absorb their wastes and by-products.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


10	There are no conditions that will allow the biosphere to produce resources and absorb wastes indefinitely.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE

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