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Module Review
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1

Certain experiments show that people's preconceived notions bias the way they and interpret information they are given. The effect of prior beliefs on social is so great that even evidence may be seen as supporting one's beliefs.
2

People tend to be more than correct. For example, about 30 percent of the time, the correct answers lay outside the range about which they feel percent confident. Overconfidence can be reduced by giving people prompt on the accuracy of their judgments and by getting them to think of one good reason why their judgments might be .
3

The fallacy is the tendency to ignore information that describes most people and instead to be influenced by the features of the case being judged. People are to infer general truth from a vivid instance. If examples are readily in our memory, we tend to assume the event is commonplace.
4

People also tend to see where none exists. They readily perceive random events as their beliefs. Our tendency to perceive random events as though they were related feeds the illusion that chance events are subject to our . This illusion may arise as a result of the statistical phenomenon of toward the .
5

Studies of bias and teacher expectations illustrate the prophecy: the tendency for our expectations to evoke behavior that confirms them.





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