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Classification Quiz
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1

How many species of animals have been described so far? How many may exist? Why haven’t they been described? Will they?
2

What are the Ediacaran fauna? Were they unicellular or multicellular? When did they evolve?
3

What was the “Cambrian explosion”? the “Burgess Shale”?
4

Why don’t we know much about “early” animals (over 500mya)?
5

What is “classification”? Why is it important?
6

Animals may be classified according to “cell number”. Distinguish between acellular, unicellular, and multicellular organisms. Define “metazoan.”
7

Animals may be classified according to their “general body form”. Distinguish between bilateral symmetry and radial symmetry. What is “cephalization”?
8

Animals may also be classified by “developmental pattern”. Distinguish between diploblastic and triploblastic. What are the 3 primary germ layers?
9

How is the internal body cavity formed independently of the gut? Distinguish between acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, and coelomate.
10

In coelomates, what is the mode of coelom formation traditionally used to distinguish between protostomes and deuterostomes? Distinguish between schizocoely and enterocoely.
11

What are the selective advantages of having a coelom?
12

What are other characteristics that distinguish protostomes from deuterostomes?
13

Distinguish between radial cleavage and spiral cleavage.
14

Distinguish between indeterminate (regulative) cleavage and determinate (mosaic) cleavage.
15

Is this a clear-cut classification scheme that works for all invertebrate groups?
16

What is the classification scheme established by Linnaeus? (KPCOFGS)
17

What is a taxon?
18

Distinguish between monophyletic and paraphyletic.
19

What is a species? A scientific name? How is the “authority” indicated?
20

How can evolutionary relationships be deduced? What are some forms of evidence that can be used in comparisons?
21

Distinguish between plesiomorphic and apomorphic characters.
22

Distinguish between homologous and analogous characters.
23

Why was the development of the PCR reaction important to biologists?
24

What is a dendrogram?
25

Distinguish between phenetics (numerical taxonomy), evolutionary systematics (classical taxonomy), and cladistics (phylogenetic systematics).
26

How are organisms classified by habitat and lifestyle?





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