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Introduction to Limnology
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Aquatic Ecosystems: Chemical Cycles

Web Links

Exploring the Internet Web Links

Acid Deposition

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/
Includes topics related to acid rain and forms of acid deposition.

McGraw-Hill Online Learning Center Test
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/animate_2.htm
Check out this animation and quiz on acid rain.

Carbon Dioxide in Atmosphere

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Record from Mauna Loa
http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/trends/co2/sio-mlo.htm
The website for information about the rate at which carbon dioxide concentration is increasing in the atmosphere. Data are collected from the summit of Moana Loa volcano, Hawaii.

Carbon Cycle

McGraw-Hill Online Learning Center Test
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/animate_13.htm
Check out this animation and quiz on the carbon cycle.

Global Warming and Carbon Dioxide

Goddard Institute for Space Studies
http://www.giss.nasa.gov/edu/gwdebate/
The U.S. NASA site discusses the debate over the causes of glabl warming and the role of anthropogenic carbon dioxide.

Hubbard Brook, NH

The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
http://www.hubbardbrook.org/
Find out more about the long-term ecosystem studies at this site in New Hampshire. There is a wealth of data on the chemistry of aquatic and terrestrial components of the ecosystem.

Lake Nyos, Cameroon

Lake Nyos
http://perso.wanadoo.fr/mhalb/nyos/webcam.htm
Use this web cam site for checking up on Lake Nyos, Cameroon. This may be a short-lived site, but if it is not available, you will still be able to find pictures of the lake using the keywords "Lake Nyos" and a good search engine.

Marine Chemistry

Ship Mates
http://www.bigelow.org/shipmates/
Use this site to compare freshwater limnological data with chemical vertical profile data from the North Atlantic Ocean.

Mercury

U.S.G.S. Mercury in the Environment
http://www.usgs.gov/themes/factsheet/146-00/
This site provides additional information about mercury in aquatic habitats.

Nitrogen Cycle

McGraw-Hill Online Learning Center Test
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/animate_75.htm
Check out this animation and quiz on the nitrogen cycle.

Oxygen in Lakes

McGraw-Hill Online Learning Center Test
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/animate_26.htm
Check out this animation and quiz on the nitrogen cycle.

River Bush, Ireland

ECN Freshwater Sites
http://www.ecn.ac.uk/sites/bush.html
This is a well-studied salmon river with interesting chemistry. The site is part of the European Change Network.

US EPA Toxic Contaminants

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
http://www.epa.gov/ecotox
This is the site for finding what the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency knows about toxicity of environmental contaminants. For example, find the lethal dose of dioxin for the water flea using this site. The site is clunky—it recognizes "dioxin" but not the herbicide "atrazine" (60 million pounds used annually in the United States) or the insecticide "malathion" (16 million pounds used annually in the United States)—you need to know the exact chemical name. You can find the chemical name using a search engine such as google.com.

Water Chemistry

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/water/fhp/lakes/under/index.htm
This is an excellent source for chemical data from Wisconsin lakes, for phosphorus, nitrogen, chloride, sulfate, sodium, potassium, and carbon dioxide.