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1 | |
English physician Archibald Garrod was the first to link inheritance and _________. |
| | A) | DNA |
| | B) | nucleic acids |
| | C) | RNA |
| | D) | protein |
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2 | |
What did Frederick Griffith’s 1928 experiments with a pneumonia-causing bacterium and mice show? |
| | A) | a biochemical in a killer strain of bacteria can make a non-killing strain deadly |
| | B) | a “transforming principle” was protein |
| | C) | mice can become immune to pneumonia |
| | D) | All of these are correct. |
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3 | |
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty confirmed the hypothesis that DNA was the genetic material by inoculating mice with ___________. |
| | A) | heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice died |
| | B) | heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice lived |
| | C) | heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice lived |
| | D) | heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice died |
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4 | |
The scientist(s) that confirmed that DNA was the hereditary material was (were) ___________. |
| | A) | Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty |
| | B) | Hammerling |
| | C) | Griffith |
| | D) | Hershey and Chase |
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5 | |
In the experiments of Hershey and Chase, DNA was shown to be the material transmitted from the virus to the bacterium because _____________. |
| | A) | protein contains sulfur but DNA does not |
| | B) | DNA contains phosphorus but protein does not |
| | C) | radioactivity came from the phosphorus |
| | D) | All of these are correct. |
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6 | |
Which scientist found that DNA contains equal amounts of A and T and equal amounts of C and G? |
| | A) | Martha Chase |
| | B) | Erwin Chargaff |
| | C) | Rosalind Franklin |
| | D) | James Watson |
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7 | |
James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with determining _______________ in 1953. |
| | A) | the nature of base-pairing in DNA |
| | B) | the chemical composition of DNA |
| | C) | the three-dimensional structure of DNA |
| | D) | DNA is located in the nucleus |
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8 | |
DNA contains ____________. |
| | A) | ribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate |
| | B) | deoxyribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate |
| | C) | ribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate |
| | D) | deoxyribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate |
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9 | |
What portion of the DNA molecule actually encodes the genetic information? |
| | A) | DNA base sequences |
| | B) | sugar-phosphate backbone |
| | C) | number of hydrogen bonds |
| | D) | three-dimensional structure |
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10 | |
What is a nucleosome? |
| | A) | a mutation in a base pair |
| | B) | a combination of enzymes that regulates gene activity |
| | C) | DNA base pairs wrapped around histones |
| | D) | an unusual sequence of bases that act as a start position for gene activity |
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11 | |
True or false. Histones are unique to eukaryotes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | |
The two strands of DNA run opposite to each other. This is termed _____________. |
| | A) | complementarity |
| | B) | antiparallelism |
| | C) | semi-conservative |
| | D) | conservative |
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13 | |
The hypothesis of DNA replication that proposed one strand serves as a template for the replication of a new strand was called ______________. |
| | A) | dispersive |
| | B) | conservative |
| | C) | semi-conservative |
| | D) | complementarity |
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14 | |
Enzymes that unwind and hold apart replicating DNA are ___________. |
| | A) | polymerases |
| | B) | ligases |
| | C) | helicases |
| | D) | kinases |
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15 | |
True or false. A replicating chromosome has only one replication fork at a time. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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16 | |
Replication occurs in 5’ to 3’ direction. What is the name of the short pieces of the discontinuous strand? |
| | A) | RNA primers |
| | B) | DNA primers |
| | C) | Okazaki fragments |
| | D) | nucleotides |
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17 | |
Gene amplification is a term describing the technique called ____________. |
| | A) | polymerase chain reaction |
| | B) | assisted reproductive technologies |
| | C) | recombinant DNA technology |
| | D) | genetic engineering |
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18 | |
Polymerase chain reaction can be used in which of the following fields? |
| | A) | genetic engineering |
| | B) | forensics |
| | C) | ecology |
| | D) | archaeology |
| | E) | All of these are correct. |
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19 | |
Which of the following nucleotides is particularly sensitive to ultraviolet radiation? |
| | A) | adenine |
| | B) | thymine |
| | C) | guanine |
| | D) | cytosine |
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20 | |
Which mode of DNA repair corrects small loops where complementary strands of DNA are not precisely aligned? |
| | A) | photoreactivation |
| | B) | excision repair |
| | C) | proofreading |
| | D) | mismatch repair |
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