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Testing Your Knowledge
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1. What is the evidence that sexual reproduction has been successful?

2. Distinguish among asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis, and sexual reproduction.

3. Describe how a plant life cycle may include a haploid and a diploid phase.

4. What are the two main events of a sexual life cycle?

5. Why is conjugation sexual but not reproductive?

6. Define the following terms:

  • a. crossing over
  • b. gamete
  • c. haploid
  • d. homolog
  • e. synapsis
  • f. diploid

    • 7. How many sets of chromosomes are present in each of the following cell types?

  • a. an oogonium
  • b. a primary spermatocyte
  • c. a spermatid
  • d. a secondary oocyte
  • e. a polar body derived from a primary oocyte

    • 8. How are the timetables different for oogenesis and spermatogenesis in humans?

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    Additional Questions

    1. Why must human gametes be haploid?

    2. How does a human oocyte rid itself of excess genetic material? How does a human sperm shed excess cytoplasm?

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