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Chapter 10: Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes
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1
Carl Woese divided prokaryotes into three groups based on
A)shape.
B)fermentation patterns.
C)evolutionary relationships.
D)ribosomal RNA.
E)physiology.
2
The basic unit of taxonomic classification is the
A)strain.
B)species.
C)phylogeny.
D)genus.
E)domain.
3
Which of the following statements about the three domain system is FALSE?
A)It is based on the work of Carl Woese.
B)It is based on ribosomal RNA sequences.
C)It divides prokaryotes into two domains.
D)Before it was introduced, the most widely accepted system was the four kingdom system.
E)All of the statements above are correct.
4
Which of the following is FALSE about Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology?
A)It is the definitive reference text for microbiologists.
B)All known species are described in it.
C)It groups organisms according to their phenotypic characteristics.
D)It is a description of all prokaryotes and their groupings.
E)All of the statements above are correct.
5
Which of the following phenotypic characteristics are not typically used to identify microorganisms?
A)colony morphology.
B)ribosomal RNA.
C)biochemical traits.
D)cell morphology.
E)All of the above are used.
6
By microscopically examining a wet mount, one can determine all of the following except:
A)size.
B)shape.
C)staining characteristics.
D)prokaryote or eukaryote.
E)All of the above can be determined.
7
Which of the following sets of organisms and characteristics is mismatched?
A)Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Gram-positive rod.
B)Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Gram-negative diplococci.
C)Filobasidiella neoformans - capsule.
D)coli - Gram-negative rod.
E)Streptococcus pneumoniae - Gram positive diplococci.
8
Which of the following sets of organisms is mismatched?
A)Serratia marcescens - red colonies.
B)Pseudomonas aeruginosa - greenish pigment, fruity odor.
C)Streptococcus - colonies smaller than Staphylococcus.
D)Azotobacter - grow without nitrogen.
E)Streptococcus pyogenes - grow on MacConkey agar.
9
Which of the following tests are NOT routinely used to identify bacteria?
A)serology.
B)fatty acid analysis.
C)biochemical tests.
D)antibiotic resistance.
E)microscopic observation.
10
What type of sequences in the prokaryotic genome have been most useful in identification?
A)plasmids.
B)rDNA encoding 16S.
C)rDNA encoding 23S.
D)ribosomal RNA.
E)total genome.
11
Why do only a few strains of E. coli cause disease?
A)Only a few strains can grow in the human body.
B)Only a few strains can be cultured in the laboratory.
C)Only a few strains contain virulence factors.
D)Only a few strains have ribosomal RNA.
E)All of the above are true.
12
Which of the following methods are NOT commonly used to characterize different strains of bacteria?
A)serological testing.
B)biochemical testing.
C)genomic testing.
D)phage typing.
E)microscopic observation.
13
The strain designation E.coliO 157:H7 refers to its:
A)pili and capsule.
B)flagella and lipopolysaccharide.
C)flagella and pili.
D)outer membrane protein and toxin.
E)slime layer and phage receptor.
14
Which of the following statements about PulseNet is FALSE?
A)Its purpose is to track foodborne disease outbreaks.
B)It catalogues ribozyme patterns.
C)It collects information from laboratories around the country.
D)It allows for quick recognition of an outbreak in several different geographical sites.
E)All of the statements are correct.
15
Which of the following statements about phage typing is FALSE?
A)Phage usually lyse infected cells.
B)Phage typing has been replaced by molecular methods.
C)A particular phage usually lyses all of the members of a species.
D)Susceptibility to phage can be readily demonstrated in the laboratory.
E)All of the above are correct.
16
Which of the following statements about classifying prokaryotes is FALSE?
A)It is difficult to sort out the evolutionary relatedness of prokaryotes by phenotype.
B)Observable differences in prokaryotes may be due to only a few genes.
C)Organisms that appear dissimilar may be closely related.
D)Differences in DNA sequences can serve as an evolutionary chronometer.
E)All of the statements are correct.
17
Which of the following analyses would give the most accurate measure of how closely related two species of bacteria are?
A)DNA hybridization.
B)GC content.
C)16S rDNA sequence.
D)biochemical tests.
E)numerical taxonomy.
18
If an organism has a GC content of 50% then what is the AT content?
A)25%.
B)50%.
C)75%.
D)100%.
E)Cannot be determined from the data given.
19
Why have several of the names of bacteria changed in the last few years?
A)Advances in phenotypic testing.
B)Advances in microscopes.
C)Advances in biochemical testing.
D)Advances in automated testing.
E)Advances in DNA sequence analysis.
20
Some conflicts with data from total genomic sequencing and rDNA can be explained by
A)horizontal DNA transfer.
B)evolutionary patterns.
C)natural selection.
D)phenotypic analysis.
E)All of the above.
21
A microbiologist isolated a small amount of bacteria from the intestine of an ancient bee embedded in amber. She wishes to study the DNA of the bacteria but does not have enough to perform adequate DNA analysis. Which of the following is the most probable way of obtaining more DNA from the bacteria?
A)Culture the bacteria.
B)Perform PCR on the DNA.
C)Collect more bees in amber.
D)Perform DNA hybridization.
E)None of the above
22
A student working in a microbiology lab is going to take part in a genomic study of bacteria. Which of the following procedures is she very likely to perform as part of the analysis?
A)Antibiogram.
B)Western blotting.
C)Serological typing.
D)Phage typing.
E)Electrophoresis.
23
A microbiologist is trying to identify a bacterium from a sample of food. What would be the proper sequence of analyses to perform after the bacterium is isolated? 1. Oxidase test. 2. Gram stain. 3. Shape. 4. Colony morphology. 5. Culture on differential medium.
A)1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
B)2, 1, 3, 4, 5.
C)5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
D)5, 2, 3, 4, 1.
E)2, 3, 4, 1, 5.
24
A physician suspects that Streptococcus isolated from the throat of a patient is antibiotic resistant. What test would likely be performed to confirm the physician's presumption?
A)Antibiogram.
B)Phage typing.
C)Serological typing.
D)Biochemical typing.
E)Genomic analysis.
25
Which of the following information about bacteria is least useful in determining the nature of a disease caused by the bacterium?
A)Gram stain properties.
B)Antibiotic resistance.
C)Shape.
D)Genomic typing.
E)Serological typing.





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