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| 1 | |
The abdominal aorta terminates by dividing into the: (table 20.7, p. 779) |
| | A) | external iliac arteries |
| | B) | internal iliac arteries |
| | C) | common iliac arteries |
| | D) | femoral arteries |
| | E) | inferior and superior mesenteric arteries |
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| 2 | |
This vein receives blood returning from all areas of the posterior thoracic wall before it empties into the superior vena cava: (table 20.11, p. 789) |
| | A) | azygous vein |
| | B) | right brachiocephalic vein |
| | C) | hemiazygous vein |
| | D) | accessory hemiazygous vein |
| | E) | right internal jugular vein |
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| 3 | |
The right gonadal vein empties into the inferior vena cava. Where does the left gonadal vein empty? (table 20.12, p. 790-791) |
| | A) | it also empties into the inferior vena cava |
| | B) | the left renal vein |
| | C) | the splenic vein |
| | D) | the inferior mesenteric vein |
| | E) | it empties into the right gonadal vein before it joins the inferior vena cava |
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| 4 | |
The artery which is the continuation of the femoral artery after it passes to the posterior side of the thigh is the: (table 20.8, p. 783) |
| | A) | posterior femoral |
| | B) | posterior tibial |
| | C) | popliteal |
| | D) | lateral geniculate |
| | E) | peroneal |
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| 5 | |
Venous anastomoses are more common than arterial anastomoses. (pp. 750-751) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 6 | |
Veins contain thick layers of smooth muscle and play a major role in regulating systemic blood pressure. (pp. 754-755, 756-757, 766-767) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 7 | |
Circulatory shock can occur when output from the sympathetic nervous sytem is suddenly inhibited. (pp. 760-761, 768) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
The smooth muscle in the walls of blood vessels is found in which of the following layers? |
| | A) | tunica adventitia |
| | B) | tunica media |
| | C) | tunica intima |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 9 | |
There is not enough blood in the body to fill the entire vascular system at once. About how much of the body's capillaries is closed at any given time? |
| | A) | one-fourth |
| | B) | one-third |
| | C) | one-half |
| | D) | three-fourths |
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| 10 | |
Veins have lower blood pressure than arteries, averaging about 80mm Hg, in contrast to the 120mm Hg seen in large arteries during systole. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 11 | |
Arteries |
| | A) | have a thicker wall than veins. |
| | B) | contain a lower blood pressure than veins. |
| | C) | may contain one-way valves. |
| | D) | depend upon the massaging action of the skeletal muscles for a continuous flow of blood. |
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| 12 | |
Diastolic pressure is the peak arterial BP reached during ventricular contraction, and systolic pressure is the minimum arterial BP between heartbeats. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
Pulse pressure equals the systolic pressure minus the diastolic pressure. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) equals the sum of the diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure. What is the MABP in an individual with a blood pressure of 150/90? |
| | A) | 110 |
| | B) | 120 |
| | C) | 130 |
| | D) | 150 |
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| 14 | |
Hypertension is a chronic resting blood pressure higher than which of the following? |
| | A) | 140/70 |
| | B) | 120/80 |
| | C) | 130/70 |
| | D) | 140/90 |
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| 15 | |
Because of their ability to expand during systole and recoil during diastole, the elastic arteries "smooth out" changes in blood pressure. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 16 | |
A three-fold increase in the radius of a blood vessel produces an 81-fold increase in blood flow. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 17 | |
The rising temperature of active muscles promotes vasodilation. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 18 | |
The baroreceptors |
| | A) | transmit signals continually to the brainstem. |
| | B) | increase their signaling rate when the blood pressure rises. |
| | C) | excite the vagal nerves to the heart and dilate the arteries to lower BP. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 19 | |
The most important mechanism of exchange between blood and tissue fluid is |
| | A) | transcytosis. |
| | B) | diffusion. |
| | C) | filtration. |
| | D) | active transport. |
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| 20 | |
Reduced capillary reabsorption of fluid can lead to edema. Which of the following does not contribute to edema? |
| | A) | liver disease |
| | B) | dietary protein deficiency |
| | C) | extreme muscular activity |
| | D) | kidney diseases |
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| 21 | |
The venous return of blood back to the heart is encouraged by |
| | A) | constriction of veins in the legs. |
| | B) | a drop in internal pressure in the abdomen during inhalation. |
| | C) | relaxation of skeletal muscles. |
| | D) | gravity acting on the large veins above the heart. |
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| 22 | |
Which of the following types of low venous return (LVR) shock occurs when released histamine causes extensive generalized vasodilation? |
| | A) | anaphylactic shock |
| | B) | septic shock |
| | C) | hypovolemic shock |
| | D) | neurogenic shock |
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| 23 | |
Both systemic and pulmonary arteries dilate in response to local hypoxia. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
Which of the following is not one of the three major branches arising from the aortic arch? |
| | A) | brachiocephalic trunk |
| | B) | left common carotid artery |
| | C) | left subclavian artery |
| | D) | right common carotid artery |
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| 25 | |
Which of the following is not a branch of the abdominal aorta? |
| | A) | intercostal arteries |
| | B) | celiac artery |
| | C) | renal arteries |
| | D) | common iliac arteries |
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| 26 | |
In contrast to the superficial veins, the deep veins run parallel to the arteries and have similar names. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
Blood vessels that connect two capillary networks are called: |
| | A) | portal systems |
| | B) | anastomoses |
| | C) | arterial systems |
| | D) | veins |
| | E) | capillary plexes |
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| 28 | |
The tissue layer of a vessel that differs most in thickness when comparing arteries and veins is the: |
| | A) | tunica externa |
| | B) | tunica adventitia |
| | C) | tunica media |
| | D) | tunica interna |
| | E) | tunica intima |
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| 29 | |
These have the most control of perfusion of a capillary bed: |
| | A) | muscular arteries |
| | B) | precapillary sphincters |
| | C) | elastic arteries |
| | D) | sinusoids |
| | E) | fenestrated capillaries |
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| 30 | |
These structures, present in medium-sized veins, prevent backflow of blood: |
| | A) | precapillary sphincters |
| | B) | venous tunica |
| | C) | skeletal muscles |
| | D) | fenestrations |
| | E) | venous valves |
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| 31 | |
All of these factors may increase peripheral resistance except: |
| | A) | blood viscosity |
| | B) | length of vessel |
| | C) | radius of vessel |
| | D) | blood type |
| | E) | polycythemia |
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| 32 | |
Vasodilation may be brought about by: |
| | A) | histamine |
| | B) | high blood oxygen |
| | C) | low blood CO2 |
| | D) | lack of nitric oxide |
| | E) | angiotensin II |
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| 33 | |
Venous pooling in a soldier standing at attention for a prolonged time occurs mainly when this mechanism fails: |
| | A) | cardiac suction |
| | B) | respiratory pump |
| | C) | skeletal muscle pump |
| | D) | gravity |
| | E) | pressure gradient |
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| 34 | |
The right common carotid receives its blood from this artery directly: |
| | A) | right subclavian |
| | B) | brachiocephalic |
| | C) | aorta |
| | D) | right cerebral |
| | E) | celiac trunk |
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| 35 | |
The internal carotid artery contributes blood directly to this circle of Willis artery: |
| | A) | basilar |
| | B) | vertebral |
| | C) | spinal |
| | D) | anterior cerebral |
| | E) | posterior cerebral |
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| 36 | |
Blood flows to the liver from the superior mesenteric vein through the ____ vein. |
| | A) | hepatic |
| | B) | celiac |
| | C) | jugular |
| | D) | gastroepiploic |
| | E) | hepatic portal |
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| 37 | |
Blood flowing from the dural sinus will eventually go through this vein immediately before continuing into the superior vena cava: |
| | A) | internal jugular |
| | B) | subclavian |
| | C) | vertebral |
| | D) | aorta |
| | E) | brachiocephalic |
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