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1
Functions of the skeletal system include all of the following except: (p. 232)
A)acid-base balance
B)blood cell production
C)produce hormones which regulate blood glucose
D)detoxification
E)regulation of certain electrolytes
2
Which of the following is a mature bone cell that appears to be responsible for the overall supervision of bone maintenance? (p. 235)
A)osteogenic cells
B)osteoblasts
C)osteocytes
D)endosteum cells
E)osteoclasts
3
This type of fracture is defined solely by the fact that the skin is not broken. (p. 250)
A)closed fracture
B)incomplete fracture
C)linear fracture
D)nondisplaced fracture
E)hairline fracture
4
The basic structural unit of compact bone is termed: (p. 236)
A)lamellae
B)periosteum
C)endosteum
D)osteon
E)canaliculi
5
The hormone calcitonin is an important hormone in adults. (pp. 246-247)
A)True
B)False
6
In an elderly person, most of the bone marrow is a gelatinous material. (p. 239)
A)True
B)False
7
The humerus and femur develop by the process of intramembranous ossification. (p. 240)
A)True
B)False
8
Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?
A)muscle attachment
B)production of blood cells
C)mineral reservoir
D)buffering the blood by releasing acidic mineral salts
9
The shaft of a long bone, such as the femur, is known as the
A)diaphysis.
B)periosteum.
C)epiphysis.
D)metaphysis.
10
Osteocytes mature and become osteoclasts.
A)True
B)False
11
About 85% of the inorganic matter of bone is a crystalized calcium carbonate known as hydroxyapatite.
A)True
B)False
12
Intramembranous ossification in the fetus produces the flat bones of the skull, when mesenchyme transforms directly into bone.
A)True
B)False
13
In which of the histological zones of a developing long bone would you find osteoclasts?
A)zone of cell proliferation
B)zone of bone deposition
C)zone of calcified cartilage
D)zone of cell hypertrophy
14
Ossification in abnormal locations is called ectopic ossification.
A)True
B)False
15
Hypocalcemia causes which of the following?
A)sluggish reflexes
B)emotional disturbances
C)muscle tremors or spasms
D)cardiac arrest
16
Which of the following hormones involved with calcium homeostasis is secreted by the thyroid glands?
A)calcitriol
B)PTH
C)calcitonin
D)none of the above
17
Parathyroid hormone is secreted when the blood calcium concentration drops too low.
A)True
B)False
18
Which of the following is the adult form of rickets in which the bones become softened and deformed?
A)osteomyelitis
B)osteochondroma
C)osteomalacia
D)osteoporosis
19
In which of the following types of fractures is a bone broken into three or more pieces?
A)spiral
B)comminuted
C)impacted
D)greenstick
20
Estrogen replacement therapy cannot reverse osteoporosis, but it can slow its progress.
A)True
B)False
21
The sheath of fibrous connective tissue covering the outside of a bone is called the:
A)diaphysis
B)epiphysis
C)periosteum
D)perforating fibers
E)endosteum
22
These large multinucleate cells found in bones secrete enzymes to reabsorb matrix:
A)osteoclasts
B)osteocytes
C)osteoblasts
D)osteoprogenitors
E)chondrocytes
23
These are little cavities occupied by osteocytes in living bones:
A)lamellae
B)Haversion canals
C)Volkmann canals
D)osteons
E)lacunae
24
This bone develops by intramembranous ossification:
A)vertebrae
B)cranium
C)pelvis
D)humerus
E)femur
25
The first step in making a long bone such as the femur is:
A)primary marrow space forms
B)chondrocytes in metaphysis calcify
C)chondrocytes in metaphysis hypertrophy
D)hyaline cartilage model formed
E)secondary ossification
26
In this dominant genetic condition, the chondrocytes fail to multiply:
A)pituitary giantism
B)achondroplasia
C)Paget disease
D)rickets
E)osteoporosis
27
Parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium concentration by all of the following except:
A)stimulating the dissolving of bone matrix
B)increases number of osteoclasts
C)reduces calcium excretion
D)increases vitamin D excretion
E)inhibits osteoblasts
28
All of these organs or organ systems participate in vitamin D production or activation except:
A)heart
B)parathyroid glands
C)skin
D)liver
E)kidney
29
This condition results from little exercise and lack of estrogen after menopause:
A)osteomalacia
B)osteoporosis
C)rickets
D)Paget disease
E)chondrosarcoma
30
This type of fracture is common in young adults active in sports:
A)greenstick
B)Colles
C)Pott
D)callus
E)avulsion





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